Progress Towards Biocompatible Intracortical Microelectrodes for Neural Interfacing Applications

By Mehdi Jorfi, John Skousen, Christoph Weder, Jeffrey R. Capadona. Journal of Neural Engineering, 2014

352 citations recorded by the source corpus.

To ensure long-term consistent neural recordings, next-generation intracortical microelectrodes are being developed with an increased emphasis on reducing the neuro-inflammatory response. The increased emphasis stems from the improved understanding of the multifaceted role that inflammation may play in disrupting both biologic and abiologic components of the overall neural interface circuit. To combat neuro-inflammation and improve recording quality, the field is actively progressing from traditional inorganic materials towards approaches that either minimizes the microelectrode footprint or that incorporate compliant materials, bioactive molecules, conducting polymers or nanomaterials. However, the immune-privileged cortical tissue introduces an added complexity compared to other biomedical applications that remains to be fully understood. This review provides a comprehensive reflection on the current understanding of the key failure modes that may impact intracortical microelectrode performance. In addition, a detailed overview of the current status of various materials-based approaches that have gained interest for neural interfacing applications is presented, and key challenges that remain to be overcome are discussed. Finally, we present our vision on the future directions of materials-based treatments to improve intracortical microelectrodes for neural interfacing.

Subfields: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Cognitive Neuroscience, Polymers and Plastics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/6fe92566894802274d4ef13c21a816b7eda0c16c

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Citations in the corpus

Brain-Machine Interfaces: From Basic Science to Neuroprostheses and Neurorehabilitation. (2017, background): “There is a growing consensus in the literature that research should continue into developing better recording technologies suitable for humans (251, 271, 391, 624, 646).”
Next-generation probes, particles, and proteins for neural interfacing (2017, background): “The extent to which bulk material mechanical property matching helps minimize the immune response is not fully understood; recent work suggests that it is the device-scale mechanics that are most important (13, 32).”