The eyes have it: the neuroethology, function and evolution of social gaze.

By Nathan J. Emery. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 2000

608 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Cognitive Neuroscience, Sensory Systems, Social Psychology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/6f770bc5788f53f92db99b564209587fb2a7b60b

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Citations in the corpus

Age effects and gaze patterns in recognising emotional expressions: An in-depth look at gaze measures and covariates (2010, unknown): “Indeed, there is evidence that human brains contain neurons that selectively respond to eye gaze (see Emery, 2000, for a review).”
Social eye gaze in human-robot interaction (2017, background): “Eye gaze is a particularly important nonverbal signal—compared with pointing, body posture, and other behaviors—because evidence from psychology suggests that eyes are a cognitively special stimulus, with unique “hard-wired” pathways in the brain dedicated to their interpretation (Emery, 2000).”
The Neurobiology of Social Distance (2020, unknown): “Some authors even argue that the importance of such facets of interpersonal exchange may explain why humans developed wide and white sclera in the eyes – that are more easily visible than in most animals [84].”
Recognizing Communicative Intentions in Infancy (2010, background): “Many non-human species, like dolphins (Pack and Herman, 2004), goats (Kaminski, Riedel, Call and Tomasello, 2005), ravens (Bugnyar, Ströwe and Heinrich, 2004), monkeys and apes (Emery, 2000; Itakura, 2004) follow the gaze of others.”
Gaze following in human infants depends on communicative signals. (2008, unknown): “Just like direct gaze, which is a threat signal in non-human primates [29-31] but gained a different function during human evolution by indicating the intention to initiate and maintain interactions between parties [1], gaze following may also have been 'exapted' for communicative purposes in humans”
Neural bases of eye and gaze processing: the core of social cognition. (2009, unknown): “Throughout this review, which focuses on humans (see Emery, 2000, for details in nonhuman primates and other species), we will distinguish the eye region, i.e. the facial features, from eye gaze, although both are intimately linked at a cognitive and neural level.”
Cross-cultural Reading the Mind in the Eyes: An fMRI Investigation (2010, background): “Given that the eyes are a salient cue in human social communication (Emery, 2000) and social categorization (Zebrowitz, 2006), they serve as an especially suitable stimulus for the present examination.”
3D Social Saliency from Head-mounted Cameras (2012, background): “While the eyes are the primary source of gaze direction, Emery [16] notes that the head orientation is a strong indication of the direction of attention.”
Eye to eye, face to face and brain to brain: novel approaches to study the behavioral dynamics and neural mechanisms of social interactions (2015, unknown): “In fact, the ability to discriminate between direct and averted gaze exists across different species and may have evolved, because direct gaze can signal that a predator is attending [6].”
Dual Attention Guided Gaze Target Detection in the Wild (2021, background): “Gaze cues indicate what a person is interested in, and thus function as an important means to evaluate intentions and predict human behaviors in various social contexts [12].”
The eye contact effect: mechanisms and development. (2009, unknown): “In many species, the perception of direct gaze elicits an aversiveresponse[ 1 ],probably becauseitisasalientsignal for potential threat.”