Traversable wormholes via a double trace deformation

By Ping Gao, D. Jafferis, Aron C. Wall. Journal of High Energy Physics, 2016

473 citations recorded by the source corpus.

After turning on an interaction that couples the two boundaries of an eternal BTZ black hole, we find a quantum matter stress tensor with negative average null energy, whose gravitational backreaction renders the Einstein-Rosen bridge traversable. Such a traversable wormhole has an interesting interpretation in the context of ER=EPR, which we suggest might be related to quantum teleportation. However, it cannot be used to violate causality. We also discuss the implications for the energy and holographic entropy in the dual CFT description.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Statistical and Nonlinear Physics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/6e3801edcca92ccfd170d5f24c1e63799a4c85a4

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Astronomy and Astrophysics

1. D. Stanford
2. D. Harlow
3. R. Myers
4. J. Maldacena
5. S. Raju
6. S. Shenker
7. Zhenbin Yang
8. G. Turiaci

In Nuclear and High Energy Physics

1. D. Stanford
2. D. Harlow
3. R. Myers
4. S. Raju
5. J. Maldacena
6. Zhenbin Yang
7. S. Shenker
8. K. Jensen

In Statistical and Nonlinear Physics

1. D. Stanford
2. S. Raju
3. D. Harlow
4. R. Myers
5. Zhenbin Yang
6. J. Maldacena
7. K. Jensen
8. Ahmed Almheiri

Citations in the corpus

• TASI Lectures on the Emergence of Bulk Physics in AdS/CFT (2017, background): “These are precisely the situations where there is a distinction between the causal and entanglement wedges, and the recent exciting work on chaos and traversable wormholes in large part hinges on how bulk operators move around as we change the geometry [91, 92, 93].”
• Solving the Schwarzian via the conformal bootstrap (2017, background): “This is of course expected, as to make the wormhole traversable, one would need to add an explicit interaction connecting the two copies of the thermofield double [42][43].”
• Pure states in the SYK model and nearly-$AdS_2$ gravity (2017, unknown): “Then the modified evolution is essentially the same as the one that was considered in the context of traversable wormholes [9, 10].”
• A theory of reparameterizations for AdS3 gravity (2018, background): “, which roughly speaking is two copies of the model (1.4) subject to a single (rather than a doubled) PSL(2;R) quotient. This result paves the way for future discussions [20] of traversable wormholes [21,22] and perhaps even a semiclassical \ramp" [23,24] in AdS 3 gravity using this boundary el”
• A general proof of the quantum null energy condition (2017, methodology): “in Minkowski space and for null integrals along a complete null geodesic generator of the horizon of a static black hole. This is sucient to rule out using these black holes as traversable wormholes [20,21]. The proof of the ANEC in [19] was based on causality considerations applied to the two point”
• The Page curve of Hawking radiation from semiclassical geometry (2019, methodology): “Given the existence of these islands, it would be interesting to see whether there exists a method to extract the information contained within them that has a clear bulk interpretation, in the spirit of what was discussed for the Hayden-Preskill problem [48] in [49,50].”
• The entropy of bulk quantum fields and the entanglement wedge of an evaporating black hole (2019, background): “ues of HP and S for systems dual to JT gravity. We wish to emphasize the dierence between this described protocol and the recent story of making a wormhole traversable via a double trace deformation [29,30]. Traversability is achieved by violating the Averaged Null Energy Condition (ANEC) on the hor”
• A quantum hydrodynamical description for scrambling and many-body chaos (2017, background): “The hydrodynamic description developed here should also provide new techniques for studying chaotic systems, especially those phenomena related to operator spreading and scrambling, including for example, the spread of entanglement and the traversable wormhole of [45].”
• Diving into traversable wormholes (2017, methodology): “In this paper we have investigated the traversable wormhole protocol of [1].”
• Low-dimensional de Sitter quantum gravity (2019, background): “[87–97]), it should be fruitful to import these ideas to study the emergence of time in de Sitter.”
• Lessons from the information paradox (2020, background): “This includes the very nontrivial check of [154], where a double trace deformation that acts on both boundaries was used to “open up” the wormhole and explore the interior.”
• Eternal traversable wormhole (2018, background): “This is an interaction across the two boundaries, similar to the one considered in [5].”
• The quantum gravity dynamics of near extremal black holes (2018, background): “It might also be interesting to consider the black hole information paradox [42] and late time traversable wormholes including the quantum fluctuations of the boundary [36, 37, 38, 39, 45].”