Origins and Hallmarks of Macrophages: Development, Homeostasis, and Disease

By TA Wynn, A. Chawla, J. Pollard. Nature, 2013

4,312 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Macrophages, the most plastic cells of the haematopoietic system, are found in all tissues and show great functional diversity. They have roles in development, homeostasis, tissue repair and immunity. Although tissue macrophages are anatomically distinct from one another, and have different transcriptional profiles and functional capabilities, they are all required for the maintenance of homeostasis. However, these reparative and homeostatic functions can be subverted by chronic insults, resulting in a causal association of macrophages with disease states. In this Review, we discuss how macrophages regulate normal physiology and development, and provide several examples of their pathophysiological roles in disease. We define the ‘hallmarks’ of macrophages according to the states that they adopt during the performance of their various roles, taking into account new insights into the diversity of their lineages, identities and regulation. It is essential to understand this diversity because macrophages have emerged as important therapeutic targets in many human diseases.

Subfields: Immunology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/66b6b782036d6a13ce0ca595983086c6528e264c

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In Immunology

1. A. Mantovani
2. A. Sica
3. S. Gordon
4. P. Allavena
5. P. Murray
6. J. Pollard
7. TA Wynn
8. Lisa M. Coussens

Citations in the corpus

• Macrophage Polarization in Inflammatory Diseases (2014, background): “When the pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) presented in bacteria are recognized by pathogen recognition receptors (such as Toll-like receptors, TLRs), macrophages are activated and produce a large amount of pro-inflammatory mediators including TNF-α, IL-1, and nitric oxide (NO), which k”
• Targeting tumor-associated macrophages with anti-CSF-1R antibody reveals a strategy for cancer therapy. (2014, background): “The tumor-promoting function of TAMs is based on their capacity to secrete proangiogenic and growth factors, as well as to potently suppress T cell effector function by releasing immunosuppressive cytokines and affecting their metabolism (Wynn et al., 2013; Biswas and Mantovani 2010; Gordon and Mart”
• Macrophages impede CD8 T cells from reaching tumor cells and limit the efficacy of anti–PD-1 treatment (2018, background): “Of note, M2like CD206 macrophages are known to play important roles in promoting each of these processes (45).”
• Novel Markers to Delineate Murine M1 and M2 Macrophages (2015, background): “Indeed, M1 macrophages have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory conditions including atherosclerosis, diabetes and glomerulonephritis [4,14].”
• Obesity and adverse breast cancer risk and outcome: mechanistic insights and strategies for intervention (2017, background): “increased TAMs and a poor prognosis in breast cancer.(152,153) Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) home”
• Organisms or biological individuals? Combining physiological and evolutionary individuality (2016, background): “Yet self constituents can trigger immune responses in healthy conditions (Anderton and Wraith 2002; Wing and Sakaguchi 2010; Germain 2012; Wynn et al. 2013) (Sakaguchi 2000; Bouneaud et al. 2000; Stefanová et al. 2002; Savill et al. 2002; Taylor et al. 2004; Sakaguchi 2006; Zehn and Bevan 2006;…”
• Macrophage-Induced Blood Vessels Guide Schwann Cell-Mediated Regeneration of Peripheral Nerves (2015, positive): “Other studies have also reported a role for macrophages in inducing blood vessels following injury, suggesting that this may be a general mechanism (Wynn et al., 2013).”
• Macrophages: development and tissue specialization. (2015, background): “Similarly, genetic and pharmacological targeting of CSF-1 or its receptor can efficiently reduce TAM content and tumor size in several mouse models and human patients (4).”
• Tumor-associated macrophages: from mechanisms to therapy (2014, background): “In contrast, macrophages 50 Immunity 41, July 17, 2014 ª2014 Elsevier Inc. involved in pathogen responses appear to come from circulating BM monocytes (Wynn et al., 2013).”
• The crucial roles of inflammatory mediators in inflammation: A review (2018, background): “inflammatory response (Adapted from [78]).”