Peripheral Blood “Endothelial Progenitor Cells” Are Derived From Monocyte/Macrophages and Secrete Angiogenic Growth Factors

By J. Rehman, Jingling Li, Christie M Orschell, K. March. Circulation, 2003

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Redefining endothelial progenitor cells via clonal analysis and hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell principals. (2007, background): “CML is characterized by a unique chromosomal translocation, t(9;22), that results in a BCR/ABL fusion gene product.”
Soluble factors released by endothelial progenitor cells promote migration of endothelial cells and cardiac resident progenitor cells. (2005, background): “Moreover, recent studies suggest that monocytic cells as well as mesenchymal stem cells augment arteriogenesis via the release of angiogenic growth factors [20–22].”
Endothelial Dysfunction and Diabetes: Effects on Angiogenesis, Vascular Remodeling, and Wound Healing (2012, background): “EPCs have also been suggested to function as activators of mature ECs through secretion of angiogenic factors [248].”
Endothelial progenitor cell dysfunction: a novel concept in the pathogenesis of vascular complications of type 1 diabetes. (2004, neutral): “Recently, it has been suggested that a major function of EPCs could be the secretion of angiogenic factors to activate resident mature ECs (14).”