Socioeconomic status and the brain: mechanistic insights from human and animal research

By Daniel A. Hackman, Martha J. Farah, Michael Joseph Meaney. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2010

1,325 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Human brain development occurs within a socioeconomic context and childhood socioeconomic status (SES) influences neural development — particularly of the systems that subserve language and executive function. Research in humans and in animal models has implicated prenatal factors, parent–child interactions and cognitive stimulation in the home environment in the effects of SES on neural development. These findings provide a unique opportunity for understanding how environmental factors can lead to individual differences in brain development, and for improving the programmes and policies that are designed to alleviate SES-related disparities in mental health and academic achievement.

Subfields: Behavioral Neuroscience, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Social Psychology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/630effbee76f288adc21c8a058cdb00db72c3cf1

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Citations in the corpus

Influence of family socioeconomic status on IQ, language, memory and executive functions of Brazilian children (2016, background): “memory (episodic, working and semantic), oral and written language and executive functions (Hackman et al. 2010).”
The Lancet Commission on global mental health and sustainable development. (2018, background): “124 Thus, the convergent model has helped to explain the major observations of the association of low socioeconomic status with poor mental health in childhood and the beneficial effect of stimulation interventions in early infancy • Cognitive psychology and neuroscience studies have transformed…”
Socioeconomic status and executive function: developmental trajectories and mediation. (2015, background): “…and neuroscience indicate that parental care and the home environment impact both the development of brain regions involved in executive function as well as overall cognitive and behavioral development, lending credence to the plausibility of these models (for review see Hackman et al., 2010).”
“The Biological Effects of Childhood Trauma” (2014, neutral): “These 2 studies did not, however, control for low socioeconomic status, which influences brain maturation through ecological variables.(119,207) In another study that”
Childhood Adversity and Neural Development: Deprivation and Threat as Distinct Dimensions of Early Experience (2014, background): “Unsurprisingly, given this difference in exposure to complex cognitive stimuli, low SES is associated with decreased performance on complex cognitive tasks, including those tapping executive function and long-term memory (Evans and Schamberg, 2009; Farah et al., 2006; Hackman et al., 2010; Kishiyama”
Childhood Poverty, Chronic Stress, Self-Regulation, and Coping (2013, background): “Chronic stress accompanying childhood poverty appears capable of disrupting top-down control of emotional responses while simultaneously heightening amygdala sensitivity to negative emotions such as anger (Hackman et al., 2010; McEwen & Gianaros, 2010).”
Putting the Child-Centred Investment Strategy to the Test: Evidence for the EU27: (2013, background): “In short, children growing up in poverty face inferior life chances and low levels of social mobility (Duncan et al., 1998; Vleminckx and Smeeding, 2001; Hackman et al., 2010).”
The Neuroscience of Intelligence (2016, background): “between cognitive psychology and neurobiology is permeable (Hackman et al., 2010; Neville et al., 2013).”
THE DETERMINANTS OF HUMAN CAPITAL FORMATION DURING THE EARLY YEARS OF LIFE: THEORY, MEASUREMENT, AND POLICIES (2015, background): “Interestingly, a similar message can be found in Hackman et al. (2010), which reviews recent contributions in neuroscience that have tried to understand the association between socioeconomic status and brain development.”
Association Between a Single General Anesthesia Exposure Before Age 36 Months and Neurocognitive Outcomes in Later Childhood (2016, neutral): “13,14,36 These findings further validated the use of a sibling-matched cohort study design.”
Addressing bias in big data and AI for health care: A call for open science (2021, background): “30 To be able to assess the inﬂuence of socioeconomic variables in neurological data, future studies will need to start collecting homogenized metadata corresponding to factors that may induce bias.”