Interrogating open issues in cancer precision medicine with patient-derived xenografts

By A. Byrne, D. Alférez, F. Amant, D. Annibali, J. Arribas, A. Biankin, A. Bruna, E. Budinská, Carlos Caldas, D. Chang and 32 more. Nature Reviews. Cancer, 2017

601 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) have emerged as an important platform to elucidate new treatments and biomarkers in oncology. PDX models are used to address clinically relevant questions, including the contribution of tumour heterogeneity to therapeutic responsiveness, the patterns of cancer evolutionary dynamics during tumour progression and under drug pressure, and the mechanisms of resistance to treatment. The ability of PDX models to predict clinical outcomes is being improved through mouse humanization strategies and the implementation of co-clinical trials, within which patients and PDXs reciprocally inform therapeutic decisions. This Opinion article discusses aspects of PDX modelling that are relevant to these questions and highlights the merits of shared PDX resources to advance cancer medicine from the perspective of EurOPDX, an international initiative devoted to PDX-based research.

Subfields: Biomedical Engineering, Cancer Research, Oncology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/5faeead36bb38966f65c90f9eda3176bfd9c7ac8

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Citations in the corpus

• Roles of the immune system in cancer: from tumor initiation to metastatic progression (2018, background): “However, the use of immune-deficient mice hinders their utility for immune-based therapies; also, the cross-talk between tumor and host is limited due to species mismatch (Byrne et al. 2017).”
• CD10+GPR77+ Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Promote Cancer Formation and Chemoresistance by Sustaining Cancer Stemness. (2018, neutral): “To explore whether CD10GPR77 CAFs contribute to the capacity of tumor formation in a more patient-relevant in vivo model of patient-derived xenografts (PDX) (Byrne et al., 2017), we implanted fresh primary tumor samples resected from 82 breast cancer patients orthotopically into the cleared mammary ”