Endothelial Dysfunction: Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Therapy, and Outcome

By Hadi A. R. Hadi, C. Carr, J. Al Suwaidi. Vascular Health and Risk Management, 2005

896 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Endothelial dysfunction is a well established response to cardiovascular risk factors and precedes the development of atherosclerosis. Endothelial dysfunction is involved in lesion formation by the promotion of both the early and late mechanisms of atherosclerosis including up-regulation of adhesion molecules, increased chemokine secretion and leukocyte adherence, increased cell permeability, enhanced low-density lipoprotein oxidation, platelet activation, cytokine elaboration, and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Endothelial dysfunction is a term that covers diminished production/availability of nitric oxide and/or an imbalance in the relative contribution of endothelium-derived relaxing and contracting factors. Also, when cardiovascular risk factors are treated the endothelial dysfunction is reversed and it is an independent predictor of cardiac events. We review the literature concerning endothelial dysfunction in regard to its pathogenesis, treatment, and outcome.

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/5f1aa171acdcc697365c81fa26cbeeb72bf15c1a

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1. G. Sánchez-Rivera
2. J. Morales-González
3. I. Durante-Montiel
4. E. Madrigal-Santillán
5. Ángel Morales-González
6. Jaime Esquivel-Soto
7. César Esquivel-Chirino
8. Cármen Valadez-Vega

Citations in the corpus

• Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Obesity (2011, background): “It also includes a specific state of endothelial activation that is characterized by a proinflammatory, proliferative, and procoagulant state, all favoring atherogenesis [50].”
• Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Diseases: Still a Therapeutic Target? (2019, background): “Indeed, endothelial dysfunction has also been linked with obesity, elevated C-reactive protein, and chronic systemic infection [18].”
• Endothelial dysfunction in diabetes mellitus (2007, unknown): “…with normal urinary albumin excretion has demonstrated coincidence of microalbuminuria and decreasing high density lipoprotein cholesterol, but no coincidence between onset of microalbuminuria and endothelial dysfunction assessed by von Willebrand factor (Myrup et al 1994; Hadi et al 2005).”
• Pharmacological and Clinical Aspects of Heme Oxygenase (2008, unknown): “Endothelial dysfunction is involved in lesion formation by promoting both early and late mechanisms of atherosclerosis, including upregulation of adhesion molecules, increased chemokine secretion and leukocyte adherence, increased cell permeability, enhanced LDL oxidation, platelet activation, cytok”
• The Vascular Endothelium and Human Diseases (2013, background): “Endothelial dysfunction can be caused by several conditions, including diabetes or metabolic syndrome, hypertension, smoking, and physical inactivity [20].”