Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Interpersonal Sexual Objectification Scale

By Holly B. Kozee, Tracy Lynn Tylka, Casey L. Augustus-Horvath, A. Denchik. 2007

315 citations recorded by the source corpus.

This study reports on the development and psychometric evaluation of the Interpersonal Sexual Objectification Scale (ISOS). Data from 576 college women were collected in three studies. Exploratory factor analysis uncovered two factors: Body Evaluation and Unwanted Explicit Sexual Advances; confirmatory factor analysis supported this factor structure. ISOS scores were internally consistent and stable over a 3-week period. Supporting its construct validity, ISOS scores were (a) strongly related to sexist degradation; (b) slightly to moderately related to other sexist events, self-objectification (i.e., body surveillance and internalization of the thin-ideal), and body shame; and (c) unrelated to socially desirable responding. The relationship between ISOS scores and body shame was fully mediated by self-objectification, providing additional evidence for its construct validity. Furthermore, the ISOS garnered incremental validity, as it predicted self-objectification above and beyond the variance accounted for by sexist events.

Subfields: Clinical Psychology, Gender Studies

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/5f132aeb730c6dac4d9baf417623086d3cd4ed44

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Citations in the corpus

Understanding the link between men’s alcohol use and sexual violence perpetration: The mediating role of sexual objectification. (2014, methodology): “lidity, the content of the items was not altered from the original ISOS (Kozee et al., 2007).”
A Test of Objectification Theory with Lesbian Women (2006, methodology): “The ISOS has been found to yield reliable scores among three samples of college women; its internal consistency (Cronbach’s α) ranged from .90 to .91, and its scores were consistent over a 3- week period (r = .84; Kozee et al., 2005).”
The Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Self-Objectification Beliefs and Behaviors Scale (2017, background): “Data collected from female undergraduate students provide evidence for internal consistency reliability, test–retest reliability, and construct validity of the ISOS (Kozee et al., 2007).”
Objectification Theory and Psychology of Women: A Decade of Advances and Future Directions (2008, background): “…women, these sexual objecti-fication experiences accounted for unique variance in body surveillance and internalization of the thin ideal, and a body surveillance and internalization composite variable mediated the link of sexual objectification experiences with body shame (Kozee et al., 2007).”
Sexual Objectification and Substance Abuse in Young Adult Women (2011, background): “(2005) and Kozee et al., (2007) found that sexual objectification was positively related to self-objectification.”
Objectification Theory Predicts College Women’s Attitudes Toward Cosmetic Surgery (2010, methodology): “The Interpersonal Sexual Objectification Scale (ISOS; Kozee et al. 2007) was used to measure the extent to which women have experienced interpersonal forms of sexual objectification (i.e., body evaluation and unwanted explicit sexual advances) throughout their lifetime.”
Complimentary Weightism: The Potential Costs of Appearance-Related Commentary for Women's Self-Objectification (2009, background): “First, reactions to appearance commentary were derived from retrospective self-reports, a limitation shared by other studies that have examined experiences of teasing and appearance-related commentary (Gleason et al., 2000; Grilo, Wifley, Brownell, & Rodin, 1994; Herbozo & Thompson, 2006a, b; Kozee ”
Addressing Gender and Cultural Diversity in Body Image: Objectification Theory as a Framework for Integrating Theories and Grounding Research (2010, background): “... perceived importance of appearance-based versus competence-based body attributes (Self-Objectification Questionnaire; Noll and Fredrickson 1998), measuring it as body surveillance (OBCS, McKinley and Hyde 1996), measuring it as a separate construct from body surveillance (e.g., Slater and Tiggem”
Tests of Objectification Theory in Gay, Lesbian, and Heterosexual Community Samples: Mixed Evidence for Proposed Pathways (2011, background): “The scale was validated on samples of primarily heterosexual women (Kozee et al. 2007).”
When What You See Is What You Get (2011, background): “First, women’s reported experiences with the objectifying gaze are associated positively with body surveillance and the internalization of thin ideals (Kozee et al., 2007).”
Sexual Objectification of Women: Advances to Theory and Research 1ψ7 (2011, background): “…including self-objectification, habitual body monitoring, body shame, internalization of the thin ideal, lowered introceptive awareness, and disordered eating among both lesbian and heterosexual women (Hill & Fischer, 2008; Kozee & Tylka, 2006; Kozee et al., 2007; Moradi, Dirks, & Matteson, 2005).”
A Test and Extension of Objectification Theory as It Predicts Disordered Eating: Does Women's Age Matter?. (2009, methodology): “Kozee et al. (2007) investigated the psychometric properties of the ISOS with samples of young adult college women.”
Media Exposure, Extracurricular Activities, and Appearance-Related Comments as Predictors of Female Adolescents’ Self-Objectification (2015, background): “Lindberg et al. (2006) demonstrated evidence of internal consistency (α = .”
Sexual Self-Esteem in American and British College Women: Relations with Self-Objectification and Eating Problems (2009, background): “While this evidence highlights self-objectification and several of its related consequences as the critical psychological links between experiences of sexual objectification and eating disturbances (e.g., Fredrickson et al. 1998; Kozee et al. 2007; Moradi et al. 2005; Tiggemann and Slater 2001; Ty”
My Eyes Are Up Here: The Nature of the Objectifying Gaze Toward Women (2013, methodology): “…sexual body part of women (e.g., Young 2003; Bartky 1990); they are used by advertisers to sell an array of products (Kilbourne and Pipher 1999; Young 2003) and women report that others often stare at their breasts when they objectify them during interpersonal interactions (Kozee et al. 2007).”