New visions for defining and assessing multicultural counseling competence.

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Multicultural counseling competencies research : A 20-year content analysis (2007, methodology): “We examined reference lists for several major studies and reviews of the multicultural counseling literature to identify potential candidates for inclusion (e.g., Constantine & Ladany, 2001; Ponterotto et al., 2000; Pope-Davis & Dings, 1995).”
Cultural humility: measuring openness to culturally diverse clients. (2013, background): “…MCCs, client-reported MCCs, and observer-rated MCCs (Constantine, 2001; Fuertes et al., 2006; Worthington, Mobley, Franks, & Tan, 2000); and (c) conflation of therapist-report measures of MCCs and therapist efficacy for conducting culturally sensitive counseling (Constantine & Ladany, 2001).”
Culture-infused counselling: A fresh look at a classic framework of multicultural counselling competencies (2010, background): “Constantine and Ladany (2001) provide a model that includes an effective counselling alliance as one of six core competencies.”