Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale: Factor structure, item analyses and internal consistency in a large population

By A. Mykletun, E. Stordal, A. Dahl. British Journal of Psychiatry, 2001

975 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, General Health Professions, Social Psychology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/5dd2193a342c8e08188379113667c06f2ca7e0e4

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

1. B. Löwe
2. K. Kroenke
3. R. Spitzer
4. D. Neckelmann
5. K. Gräfe
6. A. Mykletun
7. A. Dahl
8. Elmar Brähler

In General Health Professions

1. K. Kroenke
2. D. Neckelmann
3. B. Löwe
4. A. Mykletun
5. R. Spitzer
6. A. Dahl
7. José Pais-Ribeiro

In Social Psychology

1. B. Löwe
2. K. Kroenke
3. R. Spitzer
4. K. Gräfe
5. Wolfgang Herzog
6. D. Neckelmann
7. A. Dahl
8. A. Mykletun

Citations in the corpus

• The hospital anxiety and depression rating scale: A cross-sectional study of psychometrics and case finding abilities in general practice (2005, background): “The internal consistency of the HADS was found in accordance with other studies [16,13].”
• Chronic insomnia as a risk factor for developing anxiety and depression. (2007, methodology): “34 We excluded from the sample individuals with a clinically significant symptom burden of anxiety and/or depression in HUNT-1 based on an earlier published index measure (ADI).”
• Validation study of a Portuguese version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (2007, background): “Mykletun et al. (2001) explain that several psychometric issues of the HADS need further clarification namely because different studies show a factorial structure with one, two or three factors.”
• Comparative validity of three screening questionnaires for DSM-IV depressive disorders and physicians' diagnoses. (2004, background): “There is evidence for the two-factor structure of the instrument, although the two subscales are strongly intercorrelated (Spinhoven et al., 1997; Mykletun et al., 2001).”
• The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS): translation and validation study of the Iranian version (2003, result): “In contrast, apart from findings from several studies that showed the HADS is a two-factor instrument [10], it has been suggested that inter-correlation between the anxiety and the depression subscales is not surprising since this is mainly due to a real coincidence of anxious and depressed symptoms”
• The Psychological Burden of Skin Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study among Dermatological Out-Patients in 13 European Countries (2014, methodology): “…variance of 30% of the subscales of depression and anxiety, the sensitivity and specificity for the anxiety and depression subscales are high, which allows separation of anxiety disorder from depression (Mykletun et al., 2001; Bjelland et al., 2002; Picardi et al., 2005; Breeman et al., 2014).”
• Revisión de estudios de la Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión Hospitalaria (HAD) en muestras españolas (2015, background): “Cabe recordar que en los métodos exploratorios basados en valores Eigen (Kaiser, Scree plots) se compromete la solución al forzar factores (Mykletun et al., 2001).”