Modeling Type-4 Wind in Weak Grids
By Lingling Fan. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2019
162 citations recorded by the source corpus.
An existing wind power plant at ERCOT experienced poorly damped and undamped low-frequency oscillations at $\text{3}\sim \text{4}$ Hz under weak grid condition. The objective of this paper is to shed the insight of the oscillation mechanism through linear system analysis. Two simplified models are developed and compared against a detailed model for Type-4 wind with weak grid interconnection. The detailed model includes grid-side converter's outer power/voltage control, inner current controls, phase-locked loop (PLL), and transmission line electromagnetic dynamics. The first simplified model uses a first-order delay to replace the current control loop and ignores the transmission line dynamics and PLL. The second simplified model uses the same assumptions except that PLL is considered. Linearized system block diagrams for the two simplified models are derived and compared. The mechanism of the low-frequency oscillations are explained using eigenvalue analysis and the Root-Locus method. The root causes are identified as weak grid, high wind power export, low voltage, and low PLL bandwidth. Further, the simplified model considering PLL dynamics is more accurate in low-frequency oscillation mode identification and system stability prediction.
Subfields: Control and Systems Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/5c222d07c32c0c9a8c44a3238d8e5f306c110cdc
How researchers see this paper
The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.
In Control and Systems Engineering
- Zhixin Miao
- Vijay Vittal
- David John Hill
- I. A. Hiskens
- Lingling Fan
- Bikash Chandra Pal
- Innocent Kamwa
- Nikos D. Hatziargyriou
In Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Zhixin Miao
- Claudio A. Cañizares
- David John Hill
- Jovica V. Milanovic
- I. A. Hiskens
- Vijay Vittal
- Venkataramana Ajjarapu
- Lingling Fan
Citations in the corpus
- Admittance-Based Stability Analysis: Bode Plots, Nyquist Diagrams or Eigenvalue Analysis? (2020, methodology): “6 has been derived in our prior work [8]–[11] and can be used to demonstrate low-frequency oscillations.”
- Definition and Classification of Power System Stability – Revisited & Extended (2021, background): “limitations related to the PLL gains and bandwidth, imposed by the low-pass filters used for eliminating noise and harmonics from the measured signals [87].”
- Wind in Weak Grids: Low-Frequency Oscillations, Subsynchronous Oscillations, and Torsional Interactions (2020, background): “This assumption is also adopted in [13] on type-4 wind weak grid interconnection modeling.”