Impacts of the exotic, nitrogen-fixing black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) on nitrogen-cycling in a pine–oak ecosystem

By S. K. Rice, Bryant Westerman, Robert Federici. Plant Ecology, 2004

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Gone but Not Forgotten? Invasive Plants' Legacies on Community and Ecosystem Properties (2012, background): “…in volcanic soils in Hawaii (Vitousek and Walker 1989; Vitousek et al. 1987), acacia (Acacia Mill. spp.) in South African fynbos (Stock et al. 1995), and black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) in inland New York sand barrens (Rice et al. 2004) have all increased soil N pools and rates of N cycling.”
Plant species diversity in alien black locust stands: a paired comparison with native stands across a north-Mediterranean range expansion. (2012, background): “In particular, black locust is thought to trigger species loss on sites with low nutrient availability (Kowarik, 1996; Rice et al., 2004).”
Ecosystem Consequences of Biological Invasions (2010, background): “The role of changing N-fixation rates on ecosystem budgets remains an open question, although the evidence suggests that invaders can change the abundance of N-fixing organisms of varying effectiveness through a variety of pathways, and at least some symbiotic N-fixing exotic plants do increases poo”
Invasive belowground mutualists of woody plants (2014, background): “Invasive N-fixing symbiotic bacteria can cause substantial increases in N-input (Vitousek et al. 1987; Rice et al. 2004), although direct measurement of increased N-input remains limited (Ehrenfeld 2010), and there are cases where invasive N-fixing symbioses do not increase total N (Hickey and Osbor”