The evidence base for parking policies—a review

By Greg Marsden. 2006

378 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Parking policy is one of the key links between transport and land-use policy. Parking policies are often compromised in their effectiveness due to the perceived tension between three of the objectives that parking supports: regeneration, restraint and revenue. In particular the belief that parking restraint measures could damage the attractiveness of city centres to both retail and commercial enterprises limits the political acceptability of pricing policies and planning. This paper presents a review of the evidence base upon which commuter, leisure and shopping and residential parking policies are based. Whilst underdeveloped, the literature suggests that greater attention should be given to analysing and presenting the accessibility impacts that different parking restraint measures have on travelers of all modes. The research base in many instances does not support, or provides evidence counter to, the assumption that parking restraint makes centres less attractive. Further disaggregate work is needed to understand how context specific these findings might be.

Subfields: Building and Construction, Transportation

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/58c8d7252912775987519f64361af8e47ad5061d

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Citations in the corpus

The sensitivity of on-street parking demand in response to price changes: A case study in Seattle, WA (2013, background): “, 1995), because it can effectively reduce car usage (Higgins, 1992), influence mode choice (Feeney, 1989; Marsden, 2006), divert trips (Shiftan, 1999; Hensher and King, 2001) and reduce travel demand in general (Albert and Mahalel, 2006).”
Parking facilities and the built environment: Impacts on travel behaviour (2017, background): “When conducting a literature review in connection with parking studies, Fearnley and Hanssen (2012) found that average price elasticity was 0.21 for work trips, which was in line with Marsden (2006).”
Death by a Thousand Curb-cuts: Evidence on the effect of minimum parking requirements on the choice to drive (2012, neutral): “Marsden (2006) reviews the literature and concludes that there is little evidence to suggest that parking restraint in town centers is a major contributor to economic decline, indeed other research shows that economic decline and CBD parking capacity increases may track very closely and…”
The political economy of car dependence: A systems of provision approach (2020, background): “Parking pricing and supply restrictions, for example, are often resisted on the grounds that they harm local development [137].”
Commuter Mode Choice and Free Car Parking, Public Transportation Benefits, Showers/Lockers, and Bike Parking at Work: Evidence from the Washington, DC Region (2014, background): “Also, Marsden (2006) reviewed the literature on behavioral responses to various parking policies and suggested that substantial mode shifts among commuters The data for this analysis originate from the 2007/2008 Washington DC Household Travel Survey.”