Enhancer Evolution across 20 Mammalian Species
By D. Villar, Camille Berthelot, S. Aldridge, Tim F. Rayner, M. Lukk, Miguel Pignatelli, T. Park, R. Deaville, J. T. Erichsen, A. Jasinska and 5 more. Cell, 2015
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Summary The mammalian radiation has corresponded with rapid changes in noncoding regions of the genome, but we lack a comprehensive understanding of regulatory evolution in mammals. Here, we track the evolution of promoters and enhancers active in liver across 20 mammalian species from six diverse orders by profiling genomic enrichment of H3K27 acetylation and H3K4 trimethylation. We report that rapid evolution of enhancers is a universal feature of mammalian genomes. Most of the recently evolved enhancers arise from ancestral DNA exaptation, rather than lineage-specific expansions of repeat elements. In contrast, almost all liver promoters are partially or fully conserved across these species. Our data further reveal that recently evolved enhancers can be associated with genes under positive selection, demonstrating the power of this approach for annotating regulatory adaptations in genomic sequences. These results provide important insight into the functional genetics underpinning mammalian regulatory evolution.
Subfields: Molecular Biology, Plant Science
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/57f6ab687ca6412605c026816548fd507c64c320
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Citations in the corpus
- Fast, scalable prediction of deleterious noncoding variants from functional and population genomic data (2016, background): “3,42).”
- Ever-changing landscapes: transcriptional enhancers in development and evolution (2016, background): “%) of species-specific enhancers arose through exaptation of ancestral DNA sequences (i.e., present in the genomes of the ancestral species for at least 100 million years), with the remainder being derived primarily from transposable elements (Villar et al., 2015).”