Ever-changing landscapes: transcriptional enhancers in development and evolution

By H. K. Long, S. Prescott, J. Wysocka. Cell, 2016

835 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Summary A class of cis-regulatory elements called enhancers plays a central role in orchestrating spatio-temporally precise gene expression programs during development. Consequently, divergence in enhancer sequence and activity is thought to be an important mediator of inter- and intra-species phenotypic variation. Here, we give an overview of emerging principles of enhancer function, current models of enhancer architecture, genomic substrates from which enhancers emerge during evolution and the influence of three-dimensional genome organization on long-range gene regulation. We discuss intricate relationships between distinct elements within complex regulatory landscapes and consider their potential impact on specificity and robustness of transcriptional regulation.

Subfields: Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/50d1cd9bbe0cc687e000962e12893676a1a6b3ff

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In Molecular Biology

Citations in the corpus

Transcription factors and evolution: An integral part of gene expression (Review) (2020, positive): “This co‐operation is achieved through a process known as indirect co‐operativity or collaborative competition, in which a cohort of TFs collectively competes with the same histone octamer for access to the underlying DNA (35).”
Sequential regulatory activity prediction across chromosomes with convolutional neural networks (2017, methodology): “Distant enhancer sequences play a significant role in activating gene expression (Long et al. 2016) .”
Integrated single-cell analysis maps the continuous regulatory landscape of human hematopoietic differentiation (2018, background): “The shape of this landscape is largely defined by transcription factors (‘‘guy-wires’’), which recruit chromatin effectors to reconfigure chromatin (Calo and Wysocka, 2013; Long et al., 2016) and promote new cellular phenotypes (Graf and Enver, 2009; Takahashi and Yamanaka, 2006).”
Transcriptional Addiction in Cancer (2017, neutral): “The master TFs bind cooperatively to enhancer DNA elements and recruit coactivators and the transcription apparatus (Bulger and Groudine, 2011; Levine et al., 2014; Long et al., 2016; Malik and Roeder, 2010; Ong and Corces, 2011; Spitz and Furlong, 2012).”