The clinical importance of changes in outcome scores after treatment for chronic low back pain

By O. Hägg, P. Fritzell, A. Nordwall. European spine journal, 2003

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Core outcome measures for chronic pain clinical trials: IMMPACT recommendations (2003, background): “…the efficacy or effectiveness of treatments for chronic pain and are made with the assumption that these trials will be conducted in accord with the principles of good clinical practice (International Conference on Harmonisation, 1996a; United States Department of Health and Human Services, 1997).”
Surgical vs nonoperative treatment for lumbar disk herniation: the Spine Patient Outcomes Research Trial (SPORT) observational cohort. (2006, neutral): “Problem getting worse 272 (52) 39 (20) 311 (43) 161 (34)”
Minimum clinically important difference in lumbar spine surgery patients: a choice of methods using the Oswestry Disability Index, Medical Outcomes Study questionnaire Short Form 36, and pain scales. (2008, methodology): “Efforts have been made to determine MCID for a variety of instruments such as the Roland-Morris Back Pain Questionnaire[7,8], the Chronic Heart Failure Questionnaire [6,9], the Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire [6,10], the SF-36 [9,10], Visual Analog pain scales [11], and ODI [11].”