Enterotypes of the human gut mycobiome
By Manimozhiyan Arumugam, Jeroen Raes, É. Pelletier, D. Paslier, Takuji Yamada, Daniel R. Mende, G. Fernandes, Julien Tap, T. Bruls, Jean-Michel Batto and 32 more. bioRxiv, 2022
2,003 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Background The fungal component of the human gut microbiome, also known as the mycobiome, plays a vital role in intestinal ecology and human health. However, the overall structure of the gut mycobiome as well as the inter-individual variations in fungal composition remains largely unknown. In this study, we collected a total of 3363 fungal sequencing samples from 16 cohorts across three continents, including 572 newly profiled samples from China. Results We identify and characterize four mycobiome enterotypes using ITS profiling of 3363 samples from 16 cohorts. These enterotypes exhibit stability across populations and geographical locations and significant correlation with bacterial enterotypes. Particularly, we notice that fungal enterotypes have a strong age preference, where the enterotype dominated by Candida (i.e., Can_type enterotype) is enriched in the elderly population and confers an increased risk of multiple diseases associated with a compromised intestinal barrier. In addition, bidirectional mediation analysis reveals that the fungi-contributed aerobic respiration pathway associated with the Can_type enterotype might mediate the association between the compromised intestinal barrier and aging. Conclusions We show that the human gut mycobiome has stable compositional patterns across individuals and significantly correlates with multiple host factors, such as diseases and host age. Video Abstract
Subfields: Food Science, Infectious Diseases, Molecular Biology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/52064a56e9076eb3cf5e3768396c4f53dc22fc62
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Citations in the corpus
- Blautia—a new functional genus with potential probiotic properties? (2021, background): “The composition of this genus is constantly updated by adding new species and strains, but in general, the species in Blautia still form a relatively stable and coherent uniline branch.27 According to reports, the human intestinal microbial community can be divided into three “enterotypes,” namely, ”
- Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of Probiotics in Gut Inflammation: A Door to the Body (2021, background): “This new microbial balance is responsible for the secretion of microbial metabolites that can reach the systemic circulation, can cause derangement of intestinal permeability that can potentially induce endotoxemia and systemic inflammatory (47).”
- Short-Chain Fatty-Acid-Producing Bacteria: Key Components of the Human Gut Microbiota (2023, background): “The phylum Firmicutes includes several genera, of which the most common (up to 95% of the total) are Lactobacillus, Bacillus, Enterococcus, Ruminicoccus and Clostridium [5]. the Bifidobacterium genus is the most abundant of the Actinobacteria phyla; however, the phylum itself is less present overall”
- Antimicrobials and Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria: A Risk to the Environment and to Public Health (2020, background): “A balance exist between the bact rial strains in abiting the hum gastrointestinal tract—95% of which are benefi ial, and the remainder of which are opportunis ic pathogens—as well as between these bacteria and the human body [28,29].”
- Impact of antibiotics on the human microbiome and consequences for host health (2022, background): “The gut microbiota of healthy adults is predominantly composed of the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, representing the majority, followed by Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia (Arumugam et al., 2011).”
- Antibiotics as Major Disruptors of Gut Microbiota (2020, background): “Enterotypes Despite intra- and inter-individual differences, an analysis of the microbial composition of fecal samples from American, European, and Japanese individuals showed similarities in the structure of gut microbiota at the genus level (Arumugam et al., 2011).”
- The Influence of Probiotics on the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes Ratio in the Treatment of Obesity and Inflammatory Bowel disease (2020, background): “Different microbiota are classified into three distinct enterotypes [6].”