International comparative study of 3R and waste management policy developments
By S. Sakai, H. Yoshida, Y. Hirai, M. Asari, H. Takigami, Shin Takahashi, Keijirou Tomoda, Maria Peeler, J. Wejchert, Thomas Schmid-Unterseh and 7 more. 2011
299 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Reduce, reuse, and recycle (3R) policies form the basis of waste management and global warming countermeasures globally, so we conducted a comparative study of 3R and waste management policies in the European Union (EU), USA, Korea, Japan, China, and Vietnam. An international workshop for 3R and waste management policymakers was held in Kyoto, Japan, and a bibliographic survey was also conducted to collect data. 3R policies are clearly given priority in the hierarchy of waste management in every country studied. Thermal recovery, which includes power generation from waste heat and methane gas collected from organic waste, is also a priority; this is consistent with the increased use of countermeasures to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In the EU, waste management is characterized by practical and effective 3R policies through the development of realistic regulations and by the policymakers’ desire to simplify management systems. The policy ideal in China, however, is the development of a circular economy that targets reductions in the amount and hazardousness of waste. Limits on the number of final disposal sites, strategies for procuring resources, and GHG emission countermeasures are closely linked with 3R policies, and further development of 3R policies in parallel with such issues is expected.
Subfields: Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/514ded4f738c54d5d73cece828be3b2c9b5e5113
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In Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Citations in the corpus
- The circular economy: New or Refurbished as CE 3.0? — Exploring Controversies in the Conceptualization of the Circular Economy through a Focus on History and Resource Value Retention Options (2017, unknown): “The 2008 EU Waste Framework Directive (EC, 2008) included a 50% target for recycling household waste (2020), 70% recycling of demolition waste (2020), and 85% recycling of cars (2015), to mention a few elements (Sakai et al., 2011).”
- The food waste hierarchy as a framework for the management of food surplus and food waste (2014, background): “Other frameworks promoted by Japan and countries across Asia, such as the ‘3Rs, provide a similar approach to waste management by prioritising the options of reducing, re-using and recycling waste (Sakai et al., 2011; Shekdar, 2009; Yoshida et al., 2007).”