Transcription activation by catabolite activator protein (CAP).

By Stephen Busby, R. Ebright. 1999

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Structural Basis of Dual Specificity of Sinorhizobium meliloti Clr, a cAMP and cGMP Receptor Protein (2023, background): “nitrogen fixation genes (3) and cAMP- and cGMP-controlled Clr (28).”
Cyclic mononucleotide- and Clr-dependent gene regulation in Sinorhizobium meliloti. (2016, background): “These positions are in accordance with the classical mode of gene activation by a CRP, by binding at or upstream of the 35 promoter element (Busby & Ebright, 1999).”
Dynamic Fluctuations Provide the Basis of a Conformational Switch Mechanism in Apo Cyclic AMP Receptor Protein (2013, background): “Thus, the transcription activation at lac promoter involves both protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions [10–13].”
Transcriptome Analysis of Crp-Dependent Catabolite Control of Gene Expression in Escherichia coli (2004, background): “The mechanisms by which Crp regulates gene expression in response to variable cytoplasmic levels of cyclic AMP have been extensively investigated with primary emphasis on E. coli and Salmonella strains ( 5 , 34, 35, 41).”
cAMP Receptor Protein from Escherichia coli as a Model of Signal Transduction in Proteins – A Review (2008, background): “Passner JM, Schultz SC, Steitz TA: Modeling the cAMP-induced allosteric transition using the crystal structure of CAP-cAMP at 2.1-Å resolution.”
Transcriptional Regulation by the Numbers 2: Applications (2004, background): “Prominent examples of such synergistic activation in the bacterial literature [19,20,21,22,23,24,25] all involve the activator CRP since it can recruit RNAP from multiple locations at varying distances upstream of the promoter [8,26].”
Directed Evolution of the Escherichia coli cAMP Receptor Protein at the cAMP Pocket* (2015, background): “TheEscherichia coli cAMPreceptor protein (CRP)(2) regulates many genes required for catabolizing various carbon sources other than glucose (1, 2).”
Using deep sequencing to characterize the biophysical mechanism of a transcriptional regulatory sequence (2010, background): “(11) were the first to prove that a certain aspect of this system—the up-regulation of transcription by the protein CRP (12)—could be quantitatively explained by a simple energetic interaction between CRP and the σ(70)-dependent RNA polymerase holoenzyme (henceforth RNAP).”
Carbon catabolite repression in bacteria: many ways to make the most out of nutrients (2008, background): “These promoters are usually weak and must be activated to allow the binding of RNA polymerase or the formation of the open transcription comple”
Three-dimensional EM structure of an intact activator-dependent transcription initiation complex (2009, background): “At Class I CAP-dependent promoters, CAP activates transcription by making protein-protein interactions with the RNAP subunit C-terminal domain ( CTD), a 9-kDa independently folded domain that is flexibly tethered to the remainder of RNAP (1, 2, 7, 8).”
Genome-Wide Analysis of the General Stress Response Network in Escherichia coli: σS-Dependent Genes, Promoters, and Sigma Factor Selectivity (2005, background): “Among these 48 putative cAMP-CRP-binding sites, 5 sites were located at typical activator positions (class I or II) (10), 14 sites were found at typical repressor positions (i.”