Gratitude and gratuity: a meta-analysis of research on the service-tipping relationship ☆

By Michael Lynn, M. McCall. 2000

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Tipping in Restaurants and around the Globe (2004, background): “…McCrohan and Pearl, 1983), (6) customer ratings of food quality (Lynn and McCall, 2000a), (7) server personality – i.e., self-monitoring (Lynn and Simons, 2000), (8) server physical attractiveness (Hornik, 1992; Lynn and Simons, 2000; May 1980), and (9) server adornment – i.e., wearing flowers…”
The norm of restaurant tipping (2003, background): “Previous empirical studies have confirmed this prediction (see in particular Bodvarsson and Gibson (1997) and Lynn and McCall (2000) ).”
Forming attitudes that predict future behavior: a meta-analysis of the attitude-behavior relation. (2006, background): “…meta-analyses across domains and various others relevant to specific domains (e.g., Albarracı́n et al., 2003; Hausenblas, Carron, & Mack, 1997; Lynn & McCall, 2000; Sheeran et al., 1999; Whitley, Nelson, & Jones, 1999) suggests that there are answers to the most important questions about…”
What sustains social norms and how they evolve? The case of tipping (2003, background): “Empirical research about tipping also finds that tips are positively correlated with service quality (though the effect of quality on tips is not large), see the meta-analysis by Lynn and McCall (2000b).”