Massive infection and loss of memory CD4+ T cells in multiple tissues during acute SIV infection

By J. Mattapallil, Daniel C. Douek, Brenna J. Hill, Y. Nishimura, Malcolma . Martin, Mario Roederer. Nature, 2005

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Induction of a Striking Systemic Cytokine Cascade prior to Peak Viremia in Acute Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection, in Contrast to More Modest and Delayed Responses in Acute Hepatitis B and C Virus Infections (2009, background): “Exponential virus expansion is associated with a massive depletion of memory CD4 T cells, particularly from gut-associated lymphoid tissues (30, 32 ).”
The immune response during acute HIV-1 infection: clues for vaccine development (2009, background): “Therefore, ∼80% of CD4 + T cells in the GALT can be depleted in the first 3 weeks of HIV-1 infectio”
Membrane nanotubes physically connect T cells over long distances presenting a novel route for HIV-1 transmission (2008, background): “This mode of viral spread might, for example, have particular relevance to the fast and massive infection of CD4 + T cells observed in secondary lymphoid tissue during acute HIV-1 and SIV infectio”
Follicular helper T cells serve as the major CD4 T cell compartment for HIV-1 infection, replication, and production (2013, background): “Massive depletion of this cell population occurs during primary infection (Mattapallil et al., 2005), and long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) only partially restores the memory CD4 T cell pool (Guadalupe et al., 2003; Brenchley et al., 2004).”