Biphasic Dose Response in Low Level Light Therapy – an Update
By Ying-ying Huang, Sulbha K. Sharma, James Carroll, Michael R Hamblin. Dose-Response, 2011
780 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Low-level laser (light) therapy (LLLT) has been known since 1967 but still remains controversial due to incomplete understanding of the basic mechanisms and the selection of inappropriate dosimetric parameters that led to negative studies. The biphasic dose-response or Arndt-Schulz curve in LLLT has been shown both in vitro studies and in animal experiments. This review will provide an update to our previous (Huang et al. 2009) coverage of this topic. In vitro mediators of LLLT such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and mitochondrial membrane potential show biphasic patterns, while others such as mitochondrial reactive oxygen species show a triphasic dose-response with two distinct peaks. The Janus nature of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that may act as a beneficial signaling molecule at low concentrations and a harmful cytotoxic agent at high concentrations, may partly explain the observed responses in vivo. Transcranial LLLT for traumatic brain injury (TBI) in mice shows a distinct biphasic pattern with peaks in beneficial neurological effects observed when the number of treatments is varied, and when the energy density of an individual treatment is varied. Further understanding of the extent to which biphasic dose responses apply in LLLT will be necessary to optimize clinical treatments.
Subfields: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Biology, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/4359b64b7c0fc8e194b44a9ff9b6b32980a93f5a
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In Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
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Citations in the corpus
- Mechanisms and Mitochondrial Redox Signaling in Photobiomodulation (2018, background): “One feature of PBM that is becoming appreciated is the biphasic dose response (10,11) (also known as the Arndt–Schulz law) (12).”
- Mechanisms and applications of the anti-inflammatory effects of photobiomodulation (2017, background): “The “biphasic dose response” describes a situation in which there is an optimum value of the “dose” of PBM most often defined by the energy density (J/cm(2)) [7,8].”
- Proposed Mechanisms of Photobiomodulation or Low-Level Light Therapy (2016, neutral): “lead to unwanted inhibitory effects [8], [9].”