Predictability, surprise, attention, and conditioning

By L. Kamin. 1967

Subfields: Neuroscience, Cognitive Science & Psychology

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Neuroscience

In Cognitive Science & Psychology

Citations in the corpus

Shortcut learning in deep neural networks (2020, background): “food), animals sometimes fail to associate a new, equally predictive cues with the same outcome [42, 43, 44].”
Consumer Inference: A Review of Processes, Bases, and Judgment Contexts (2004, background): “, 1988) and are less likely to encourage counter-argumentation (Kardes, 1993), relative to information that is simply read. A follow-up study conducted by Stayman and Kardes (1992) showed that spontaneous inference generation was also more likely when the need for cognition, or the extent to which p”
Emotion and motivation: the role of the amygdala, ventral striatum, and prefrontal cortex. (2002, background): “Blocking (see Kamin, 1968; 1969) is a feature of Pavlovian conditioning in which an animal does not learn about one CS in the presence of another CS that already predicts the same US.”
Causal learning mechanisms in very young children: two-, three-, and four-year-olds infer causal relations from patterns of variation and covariation. (2001, background): “In the phenomenon of blocking, an animal who is trained to respond to a light followed by a shock, and then is trained to respond to a light and tone in combination followed by the shock, will fail to have a fear response to the tone by itself (Kamin, 1969).”
Hippocampal mediation of stimulus representation: A computational theory (1993, background): “Still other stimulus selection effects, such as blocking (Kamin, 1969) and over-”
The propositional approach to associative learning as an alternative for association formation models (2009, background): “…X will not evoke a CR after it is paired with a US, provided that it is always presented together with a second CS A previously paired with the US (i.e., A trials followed by AX trials, where the letters stand for the presence of cues and stands for the presence of the US or outcome; Kamin, 1969).”
Knowledge-Based Causal Attribution : The Abnormal Conditions Focus Model (2004, unknown): “An extension of this blocking paradigm (Kamin, 1969) to humans has shown a similar pattern of selective attribution (Dickinson, Shanks, & Evenden, 1984).”
The Myth of Cognitive Decline: Non-Linear Dynamics of Lifelong Learning (2014, background): “What is not clear, however, is why anyone would expect that PAL performance ought to be age and experience invariant in the first place? First, because performance across the pairs of words used in the test varies, and it seems reasonable to assume that whether a pair seems “easy” or “hard” is itsel”
Memory processes in classical conditioning. (2004, background): “These otherwise compete with (or block [132]), conditioning of the CS.”
Toward a unified model of attention in associative learning (2001, background): “associative learning was first reported by Kamin (1968) and can be described as follows: Consider two cues, A and B, that are always followed by outcome 1.”
How Prediction Errors Shape Perception, Attention, and Motivation (2012, background): “Experimentally, it has been shown that surprise is crucial for learning through a phenomenon called “blocking” (Kamin, 1969).”
The molecular and systems biology of memory. (2014, unknown): “Studies of memory in invertebrates also uncovered a family of psychological concepts paralleling those described in vertebrates by the classical behaviorists Pavlov (1927) and Thorndike (1911) and by their modern counterparts Kamin (1969) and Rescorla and Wagner (1972).”