Effect of nano-SiO2 and nano-TiO2 addition on the rheological behavior and the hardened properties of cement mortars

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Biomass fly ash effect on fresh and hardened state properties of cement based materials (2015, background): “As observed in previous works [21,27,28] differences in the plastic viscosity between distinct mortars are much lower than changes on the yield stress.”
Novel uses of SiO2 nano-lubrication system in hard turning process of hardened steel AISI4140 for less tool wear, surface roughness and oil consumption (2014, background): “11 and 12, the explanation could be that the chip deformation flowing over the tool leads to localized regions of intense shear occurring due to the friction at the rake face, which is known as secondary shear (Senff et al., 2012).”
Beneficial role of nanosilica in cement based materials – A review (2013, background): “Increased torque, plastic viscosity and yield stress was observed with nanosilica and nanotitania addition in the cement mortar [65].”
Effect of nano-silica on the hydration and microstructure development of Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) with a low binder amount (2014, unknown): “[10] found that the contribution of nano-SiO2, nano-TiO2, and nano-SiO2 plus nano-TiO2 defined by factorial design, did not lead to any significant effect on the compressive strength.”
A review of dispersion of nanoparticles in cementitious matrices: Nanoparticle geometry perspective (2017, methodology): “With the aim of nanosilica dispersion, methods such as ultrasonication, mechanical stirring, and high shear mixing [126-128,”