A GM subsistence crop in Africa: the case of Bt white maize in South Africa

By M. Gouse, C. Pray, J. Kirsten, D. Schimmelpfennig. 2005

162 citations recorded by the source corpus.

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Global status of commercialized biotech/GM crops: 2006. (2006, background): “A study published in 2005 (Gouse et al., 2005) involved 368 small and resource-poor farmers and 33 commercial farmers, the latter divided into irrigated and dry-land maize production systems.”
Perspective on the development of stem borer resistance to Bt maize and refuge compliance at the Vaalharts irrigation scheme in South Africa. (2009, background): “6%, respectively, during the 1999/2000 and 2000/2001 seasons (Gouse et al., 2005).”
Transgenic Bt maize: farmers’ perceptions, refuge compliance and reports of stem borer resistance in South Africa (2012, background): “South African farmers have benefited from the adoption of Bt maize since its deployment during 1998 (Gouse et al. 2005).”
Three Seasons of Subsistence Insect-Resistant Maize in South Africa: Have Smallholders Benefited? (2006, background): “This translates into an average annual loss of about one million tons of maize worth approximately US$130 million (Gouse et al., 2005).”
A Meta Analysis on Farm-Level Costs and Benefits of GM Crops (2011, unknown): “particularly favor insect growth and reproduction [44].”