Bacterial biofilm and associated infections.
By M. Jamal, Wisal Ahmad, S. Andleeb, F. Jalil, Muhammad Imran, M. Nawaz, T. Hussain, Muhammad Ali, Muhammad Rafiq, Muhammad Atif Kamil. Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, 2018
1,360 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Microscopic entities, microorganisms that drastically affect human health need to be thoroughly investigated. A biofilm is an architectural colony of microorganisms, within a matrix of extracellular polymeric substance that they produce. Biofilm contains microbial cells adherent to one-another and to a static surface (living or non-living). Bacterial biofilms are usually pathogenic in nature and can cause nosocomial infections. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) revealed that among all microbial and chronic infections, 65% and 80%, respectively, are associated with biofilm formation. The process of biofilm formation consists of many steps, starting with attachment to a living or non-living surface that will lead to formation of micro-colony, giving rise to three-dimensional structures and ending up, after maturation, with detachment. During formation of biofilm several species of bacteria communicate with one another, employing quorum sensing. In general, bacterial biofilms show resistance against human immune system, as well as against antibiotics. Health related concerns speak loud due to the biofilm potential to cause diseases, utilizing both device-related and non-device-related infections. In summary, the understanding of bacterial biofilm is important to manage and/or to eradicate biofilm-related diseases. The current review is, therefore, an effort to encompass the current concepts in biofilm formation and its implications in human health and disease.
Subfields: Endocrinology, Molecular Biology, Periodontics
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/3d5bc4102af7183f5cdbcabc4466ace8fdcac8e9
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Citations in the corpus
- Biofilms as Promoters of Bacterial Antibiotic Resistance and Tolerance (2020, background): “At this stage, the expression of genes for the formation of the ECM increases [12], and biofilms become less vulnerable to antibiotics than earlier biofilm stages [28].”
- A Brief Recap of Microbial Adhesion and Biofilms (2019, background): “, fimbriae, pili, a d flagella) streng hen the attachm nt betwe n the bact rial cell and the surface once the bacteria get in touch with the material surface [11].”
- Bacterial biofilm formation on implantable devices and approaches to its treatment and prevention (2018, background): “In humans, biofilms account for up to 80% of the total number of microbial infections according to National Institute of Health [20, 21, 22, 23], including endocarditis, cystic fibrosis, periodontitis, rhinosinusitis, osteomyelitis, non-healing chronic wounds, meningitis, kidney infections, and pros”
- Microbial Biofilm: A Review on Formation, Infection, Antibiotic Resistance, Control Measures, and Innovative Treatment (2023, positive): “Conservative estimates suggest that roughly 70% of all bacterial infections are linked with biofilm and are both device-related and non-device-related [63].”