The Emergence of Lowest‐Low Fertility in Europe During the 1990s

By H. Kohler, Francesco C. Billari, José Antonio Ortega. 2002

1,470 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Demography, Gender Studies, Sociology and Political Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/3bbc820e576418d87934882e6549507f06313c49

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Citations in the corpus

The Social Consequences of Insecure Jobs (2009, background): “Though in specific cases the availability of temporary employment might increase employment chances for those who otherwise would/could not join the labour market, the general expectation that the introduction of flexible forms of employment would create additional jobs, including for groups of peop”
Gender Equity and Fertility in Italy and Spain (2009, background): “…their northern neighbours; both rely on extended kinship networks in the provision of individual welfare (Ferrera, 2005), as of 2000 had similar female labour force participation rates (OECD, 2007) and have experienced a dramatic decline in fertility rates since the 1960s (Kohler et al., 2002).”
LEARNING FROM OTHERS AND RECEIVING SUPPORT: THE IMPACT OF PERSONAL NETWORKS ON FERTILITY INTENTIONS IN POLAND (2005, background): “observed in Europe, as they spread role models of late entry into parenthood (Kohler et al. 2002).”
THE INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXT OF LOW FERTILITY (2009, background): “This is an elaboration of the ‘later means fewer’ perspective on the causes of fertility decline (Kohler et al. 2002; Rindfuss & Bumpass 1976), i.e. the longer marriage or parenthood is put off, the greater the opportunity for competing alternatives to intervene.”
The Global Demography of Aging: Facts, Explanations, Future (2016, neutral): “3 children per woman—in the 1990s (Kohler et al., 2002).”
Population Division (neutral): “…changes in social norms and values, lack of stable employment prospects, higher educational attainment and labour participation of women as well as deficiency of policy responses at the state level (Kohler, 2006; Kohler et al., 2002; Morgan, 2003; Ní Bhrolcháin and Beaujouan, 2012; Gauthier, 2006).”
Low fertility in Europe: causes implications and policy options. (2006, background): “Kohler et al. (2002) have labeled these patterns as lowest-low fertility to emphasize the dramatic implications of these unprecedentedly low levels of fertility: for instance, if they persist over a long time in a contemporary low-mortality context, TFR levels at or below 1.3 imply a reduction of…”
Gender equity and fertility intentions in Italy and the Netherlands (2008, background): “Others have argued that fertility postponement, which may ultimately result in foregone fertility, is a rational response to the economic insecurity and increasing opportunity costs of childbearing for women (Kohler et al. 2002; Mills, Blossfeld & Klijzing, 2005).”