Micro- and Macrosimulation of Freeway Traffic

By Dirk Helbing, Ansgar Hennecke, V. Shvetsov, Martin Treiber. 2000

305 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We present simulations of congested traffic in circular and open systems with a non-local, gas-kinetic-based traffic model and a novel car-following model. The model parameters are all intuitive and can be easily calibrated. Micro- and macrosimulations with these models for identical vehicles on a single lane produce the same traffic states, which also qualitatively agree with empirical traffic observations. Moreover, the phase diagrams of traffic states in the presence of bottlenecks for the microscopic car-following model and the macroscopic gas-kinetic-based model almost agree. In both cases, we found metastable regimes, spatially coexistent states, and a small region of tristability. The distinction of different types of vehicles (cars and long vehicles) yields additional insight and allows to reproduce empirical data even more realistically, including the observed fluctuation properties of traffic flows like the wide scattering of congested traffic data. Finally, as an alternative to the gas-kinetic approach, we propose a new scheme for deriving non-local macroscopic traffic models from given microscopic car-following models. Assuming identical (macroscopic) initial and boundary conditions, we show that there are microscopic models for which the corresponding macroscopic version displays an almost identical dynamics. This enables us to combine micro- and macrosimulations of road sections by simple algorithms, and even to simulate them simultaneously.

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/38a5668d3cae7f8078c019d793c42372f656cc5a

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Citations in the corpus

Traffic Flow on a Road Network Using the Aw–Rascle Model (2006, background): “…as shock formation and propagation (see Aw et al., 2002; Aw and Rascle, 2000; Benzoni-Gavage and Colombo, 2003; Coclite et al., 2005; Colombo, 2002; Greenberg, 2001; Helbing, 1998; Helbing et al., 2002; Holden and Risebro, 1995; Klar, 2002; Klar and Wegener, 2000; Lattanzio and Marcati, 1997).”
Human-kinetic multiclass traffic flow theory and modelling. With application to Advanced Driver Assistance Systems in congestion (2004, methodology): “We adopt here the core of the longitudinal model for the microscopic simulators with which we have most experience: a car-following model that is an extension of Helly (1961), and that forms the core of the MIXIC and FOSIM microscopic simulation tools used at our research institutes (Van Arem et al.”
Autonomous Cars: Research Results, Issues, and Future Challenges (2019, background): “Traffic simulations can be divided mainly into two classes: macroscopic and microscopic simulations [114], [115].”