Oxidative Stress in Aging Human Skin
By M. Rinnerthaler, J. Bischof, M. K. Streubel, A. Trost, K. Richter. Biomolecules, 2015
916 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Oxidative stress in skin plays a major role in the aging process. This is true for intrinsic aging and even more for extrinsic aging. Although the results are quite different in dermis and epidermis, extrinsic aging is driven to a large extent by oxidative stress caused by UV irradiation. In this review the overall effects of oxidative stress are discussed as well as the sources of ROS including the mitochondrial ETC, peroxisomal and ER localized proteins, the Fenton reaction, and such enzymes as cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases, xanthine oxidases, and NADPH oxidases. Furthermore, the defense mechanisms against oxidative stress ranging from enzymes like superoxide dismutases, catalases, peroxiredoxins, and GSH peroxidases to organic compounds such as L-ascorbate, α-tocopherol, beta-carotene, uric acid, CoQ10, and glutathione are described in more detail. In addition the oxidative stress induced modifications caused to proteins, lipids and DNA are discussed. Finally age-related changes of the skin are also a topic of this review. They include a disruption of the epidermal calcium gradient in old skin with an accompanying change in the composition of the cornified envelope. This modified cornified envelope also leads to an altered anti-oxidative capacity and a reduced barrier function of the epidermis.
Subfields: Cell Biology, Dermatology, Molecular Biology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/37eafbc3e24d6e368c0211bb304f5d503f00a024
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Citations in the corpus
- The Roles of Vitamin C in Skin Health (2017, background): “However, there are no studies that have measured vitamin C levels or intake and associated aging changes [130].”
- ROS, Cell Senescence, and Novel Molecular Mechanisms in Aging and Age-Related Diseases (2016, background): “The variations of speed and quality in the aging of each organism may reflect the peculiar alterations that have been accumulated in DNA, proteins, and lipids [120], following the organism exposition to chronic stressors.”