Cosmic X-Ray Background and Earth Albedo Spectra with Swift BAT

By M. Ajello, J. Greiner, G. Sato, D. Willis, G. Kanbach, A. Strong, R. Diehl, G. Hasinger, N. Gehrels, C. Markwardt and 1 more. 2008

189 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We use Swift BAT Earth occultation data at different geomagnetic latitudes to derive a sensitive measurement of the cosmic X-ray background (CXB) and of the Earth albedo emission in the 15-200 keV band. We compare our CXB spectrum with recent (INTEGRAL, BeppoSAX) and past results (HEAO-1) and find good agreement. Using an independent measurement of the CXB spectrum we are able to confirm our results. This study shows that the BAT CXB spectrum has a normalization ~8% ± 3% larger than the HEAO-1 measurement. The BAT accurate Earth albedo spectrum can be used to predict the level of photon background for satellites in low Earth and mid inclination orbits.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/37c8cc57af94303917d974de12067d4c12aca547

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The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Astronomy and Astrophysics

1. D. M. Alexander
2. L. Hernquist
3. P. Hopkins
4. A. Merloni
5. G. Hasinger
6. E. Treister
7. Y. Ueda
8. C. Urry

In Nuclear and High Energy Physics

1. A. Merloni
2. G. Hasinger
3. E. Treister
4. Y. Inoue
5. A. Comastri
6. C. Urry
7. T. Miyaji
8. Y. Ueda

Citations in the corpus

• CONTRIBUTION OF GAMMA-RAY-LOUD RADIO GALAXIES’ CORE EMISSIONS TO THE COSMIC MeV AND GeV GAMMA-RAY BACKGROUND RADIATION (2011, methodology): “The data of HEAO-1 (Gruber et al. 1999), Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT; Ajello et al. 2008), SMM (Watanabe et al. 1997), COMPTEL (Kappadath et al. 1996), and Fermi-LAT (Abdo et al. 2010e) are also shown.”
• THREE-YEAR SWIFT–BAT SURVEY OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI: RECONCILING THEORY AND OBSERVATIONS? (2010, methodology): “Figure 5 shows the average spectra of unabsorbed, absorbed, and Comptonthick AGNs and compares them to the general shape of the CXB (Ajello et al. 2008b).”
• MID-INFRARED SELECTION OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI WITH THE WIDE-FIELD INFRARED SURVEY EXPLORER. I. CHARACTERIZING WISE-SELECTED ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI IN COSMOS (2012, background): “Specifically, recent surveys with Swift and INTEGRAL have only identified a few dozen heavily obscured (e.g., Compton-thick) AGN, all at very low redshift, z ≈ 0 (e.g., Bassani et al. 1999; Vignali & Comastri 2002; Ajello et al. 2008; Tueller et al. 2008; Burningham et al. 2011).”
• The PalermoSwift-BAT hard X-ray catalogue: II. Results after 39 months of sky survey (2009, methodology): “…with the INTEGRAL General Reference Catalogue and with previously published BAT catalogues (Markwardt et al. 2005; Tueller et al. 2008; Ajello et al. 2008a); analysis of soft X-ray field observations withSwift-XRT, XMM-Newton, Chandra, BeppoSAX; cross-correlation with the SIMBAD…”
• THE LUMINOSITY FUNCTION OF FERMI-DETECTED FLAT-SPECTRUM RADIO QUASARS (2011, methodology): “The LF of blazars also allows us to evaluate their contribution to the diffuse backgrounds and to determine their relationship with the parent population (Ajello et al. 2008b; Inoue 2011).”
• THE SPACE DENSITY OF COMPTON-THICK ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS AND THE X-RAY BACKGROUND (2009, background): “In Figure 4 we show the values of the normalization of the Compton reflection component and CT AGN number density that produce XRB intensities in the 20- 40 keV region consistent with the latest observed values from INTEGRAL (Churazov et al. 2007) and Swift (Ajello et al. 2008).”
• TOWARD THE STANDARD POPULATION SYNTHESIS MODEL OF THE X-RAY BACKGROUND: EVOLUTION OF X-RAY LUMINOSITY AND ABSORPTION FUNCTIONS OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI INCLUDING COMPTON-THICK POPULATIONS (2014, background): “These issues are discussed in detail by e.g., Barcons et al. (2000) for the XRB below 10 keV and by Ajello et al. (2008) above 10 keV.”
• THE EVOLUTION OF SWIFT/BAT BLAZARS AND THE ORIGIN OF THE MeV BACKGROUND (2009, methodology): “We remark that all the identifications reported in the aforementioned catalogs are based on a thorough study, both in the optical and X–rays, of the properties of the BAT counterparts (e.g. Ajello et al. 2008c; Winter et al. 2008).”