Hypothalamic orexin neurons regulate arousal according to energy balance in mice.

By A. Yamanaka, C. Beuckmann, J. Willie, J. Hara, N. Tsujino, Michihiro Mieda, M. Tominaga, Ken-ichi Yagami, F. Sugiyama, K. Goto and 2 more. Neuron, 2003

920 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Mammals respond to reduced food availability by becoming more wakeful and active, yet the central pathways regulating arousal and instinctual motor programs (such as food seeking) according to homeostatic need are not well understood. We demonstrate that hypothalamic orexin neurons monitor indicators of energy balance and mediate adaptive augmentation of arousal in response to fasting. Activity of isolated orexin neurons is inhibited by glucose and leptin and stimulated by ghrelin. Orexin expression of normal and ob/ob mice correlates negatively with changes in blood glucose, leptin, and food intake. Transgenic mice, in which orexin neurons are ablated, fail to respond to fasting with increased wakefulness and activity. These findings indicate that orexin neurons provide a crucial link between energy balance and arousal.

Subfields: Cognitive Neuroscience, Endocrine and Autonomic Systems, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/37b602e4097b435a0413fd6f99773b83862f4037

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Cognitive Neuroscience

1. T. Scammell
2. J. Siegel
3. Jun Lu
4. Clifford B. Saper
5. P. Goadsby
6. R. Greene
7. T. Sakurai
8. J. Allan Hobson

In Endocrine and Autonomic Systems

1. T. Scammell
2. J. Siegel
3. Jun Lu
4. Clifford B. Saper
5. R. Greene
6. T. Sakurai
7. J. Allan Hobson
8. C. Cajochen

In Experimental and Cognitive Psychology

1. T. Scammell
2. J. Siegel
3. Jun Lu
4. Clifford B. Saper
5. T. Sakurai
6. J. Allan Hobson
7. C. Cajochen

Citations in the corpus

• Discharge of Identified Orexin/Hypocretin Neurons across the Sleep-Waking Cycle (2005, background): “…the capacity to stimulate metabolism in parallel with activity through influences on the sympathetic nervous system, the hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis and hypothalamo– pituitary–thyroid axis (Ida et al., 2000; Hara et al., 2001; Espana et al., 2003; Monda et al., 2003; Yamanaka et al., 2003).”
• Pathophysiology of Migraine: A Disorder of Sensory Processing. (2017, background): “Another feature that connects orexins with feeding and sleep is the hunger-induced wakefulness, a well-established phenomenon in animals (112, 443), wherein food deprivation induces expression of Fos protein in orexin neurons and increases mRNA orexin levels (214), but food deprivation does not indu”
• Sleep (2007, background): “Yamanaka et al. (2003) have reported that hypothalamic hypocretin (Hcrt) (also called Orexin) neurons regulate arousal according to energy balance in studies of Hcrt knockout mice.”
• Hypothalamic regulation of sleep and circadian rhythms (2005, background): “, whereas absence of sufficient food causes an arousing influenc”