Mortgage Lending Discrimination: A Review of Existing Evidence

1999

Citations in the corpus

• Data preprocessing techniques for classification without discrimination (2011, neutral): “With respect to this last case, we quote [23]: “If lenders think that race is a reliable proxy for factors they cannot easily ob-”
• Unequal treatment: confronting racial and ethnic disparities in health care. (2003, unknown): “van Ryn M, Burke J. (2000). The effect of patient race and socio-economic status on physician’s perceptions of patients.”
• Criminal records and college admissions: A modified experimental audit (2018, unknown): “Researchers have used the audit method to detect discrimination in diverse contexts, including housing (Ghoshal & Gaddis, 2015; Turner, 1999; Wissoker, Zimmermann, & Galster, 1998; Yinger, 1998), medical decision-making (Schulman et al., 1999), and commercial transactions (Ayres & Siegelman, 1995;…”
• Reassessing and Redirecting Research on Race and Sentencing (2013, unknown): “…of efforts that capitalize on this feature in field experiments designed to estimate racial disparities in outcomes such as hiring and lending decisions, interactions in housing markets, and a variety of other outcomes (e.g. Goldin & Rouse, 2000; Pager, 2007; Turner & Skidmore, 1999; Yinger, 1995).”
• Racial Dynamics of Subprime Mortgage Lending at the Peak (2013, unknown): “Earlier research documented discrimination during multiple steps in the process toward mortgage approval (Ross & Yinger, 2002; Schafer & Ladd, 1981; Turner & Skidmore, 1999; Yinger, 1997).”
• Entrepreneurs' Gender and Financial Constraints: Evidence from International Data (2009, unknown): “LaCour-Little (1999) and Turner and Skidmore (1999) offer reviews of these studies.”
• Race as biology is fiction, racism as a social problem is real: Anthropological and historical perspectives on the social construction of race. (2005, unknown): ““Deliberate discrimination by many institutions in American society in the past has left a legacy of [social and] economic inequality between Whites and minorities that exists today” (Turner & Skidmore, 1999, p. 5), preserving the economic and educational gap between population groups.”