Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST): what is in a name and what isn’t?
By Peter C. M. van Zijl, N. Yadav. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 2011
1,088 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging is a relatively new magnetic resonance imaging contrast approach in which exogenous or endogenous compounds containing either exchangeable protons or exchangeable molecules are selectively saturated and after transfer of this saturation, detected indirectly through the water signal with enhanced sensitivity. The focus of this review is on basic magnetic resonance principles underlying CEST and similarities to and differences with conventional magnetization transfer contrast. In CEST magnetic resonance imaging, transfer of magnetization is studied in mobile compounds instead of semisolids. Similar to magnetization transfer contrast, CEST has contributions of both chemical exchange and dipolar cross‐relaxation, but the latter can often be neglected if exchange is fast. Contrary to magnetization transfer contrast, CEST imaging requires sufficiently slow exchange on the magnetic resonance time scale to allow selective irradiation of the protons of interest. As a consequence, magnetic labeling is not limited to radio‐frequency saturation but can be expanded with slower frequency‐selective approaches such as inversion, gradient dephasing and frequency labeling. The basic theory, design criteria, and experimental issues for exchange transfer imaging are discussed. A new classification for CEST agents based on exchange type is proposed. The potential of this young field is discussed, especially with respect to in vivo application and translation to humans. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Subfields: Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Materials Chemistry, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/352efb5d94f06a663622ef4b87e45b8fa8b619eb
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In Materials Chemistry
In Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Citations in the corpus
- Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement (NOE) Imaging in the Human Brain at 7 T (2013, neutral): “Notice that this sequence is very similar to the group of selective label-exchange pulse sequences (Friedman et al., 2010; van Zijl and Yadav, 2011) for protons in mobile solutes that have a distinguishable chemical shift.”
- Magnetization Transfer Contrast and Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer MRI. Features and Analysis of the Field-Dependent Saturation Spectrum (2017, background): “In addition to signals downfield, typically features are visible in the negative frequency offset (upfield) region of the Z-spectrum (Ling et al., 2008; van Zijl and Yadav, 2011).”