REVIEW: Alternatives to Conventional Antimicrobials in Swine Diets1
By J. L. Turner, S. Dritz, J. Minton. 2001
94 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Abstract There is growing concern that the use of antimicrobials in livestock feeding to enhance growth and to prevent disease is leading to increasing numbers of antibiotic-resistant human and animal pathogens. The exact degree of antibiotic-resistant organisms attributed to the use of antimicrobial agents in livestock feeding remains to be proven. Despite the lack of empirical evidence, many restrictions and bans have been placed on the use of antibiotics in livestock feeding in Europe. At present, there are no bans placed on the use of common antimicrobials in swine feeding in the United States. However, many scientists have begun to seek naturally occurring alternatives to antibiotics for commercial use if ever a similar situation arises here in the United States. This paper reviews the published data from natural agents that may serve as alternatives to conventional antimicrobials currently used in swine feeding operations. Specific natural agents such as probiotics, oligosaccharides, spices, and plant extracts that have shown some promise for enhancing growth performance and immune function are discussed. Based on this review of the literature, it appears that the observed beneficial effects of natural alternatives to conventional antimicrobials on growth performance and immune function are inconsistent among studies. Although these natural substances show promise, at present, it does not appear that any one natural remedy is a competitive alternative to conventional antimicrobials for growth promotion in swine feeding operations.
Subfields: Animal Science and Zoology, Food Science, Nutrition and Dietetics
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/31ff6c0458655e747982fb8488575c2f01684eff
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Citations in the corpus
- Influence of two plant extracts on broilers performance, digestibility, and digestive organ size. (2004, result): “In several trials, the inclusion of peppermint, garlic, clove, cinnamon or Echinacea (alone or mixed) in weanling pig diets produced contradictory or inconsistent results (Turner et al., 2001).”
- Effect of Formic Acid and Plant Extracts on Growth, Nutrient Digestibility, Intestine Mucosa Morphology, and Meat Yield of Broilers (2007, background): “The results of inclusion of plant extracts on the growth performance of broilers [10] or pigs [11] are controversial.”
- In vitro characterisation of the antimicrobial activity of selected essential oil components and binary combinations against the pig gut flora (2009, unknown): “Herbs, spices, plant extracts and derived products have been proposed and reviewed as alternatives for in-feed antibiotics in pig raising (Doyle, 2001; Kamel, 2001; Turner et al., 2001; Rodehutscord and Kluth, 2002; Lis-Balchin, 2003; Wenk, 2003; Lee et al., 2004; Westendarp, 2005).”