Basic Emotions

By Tim Dalgleish. 2004

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The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

Citations in the corpus

The Emotional Voices Database: Towards Controlling the Emotion Dimension in Voice Generation Systems (2018, background): “A first representation, is Ekman’s six basic emotion model [7] which identify anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness and surprise as six basic emotions from which the other emotions may be derived.”
An Appraisal-Driven Componential Approach to the Emotional Brain (2018, unknown): “Indeed, Matsumoto and Ekman (2009, p. 69), representing basic emotion theories, under-lined that “A match, however, initiates a group of responses, including expressive behaviour, physiology, cognitions, and subjective experience. . . .”
A survey of socially interactive robots (2003, unknown): “A good review of “basic emotions” is [58].”
Sign Language Recognition (2011, background): “Some expressions, described by Ekman [26], are culturally independent (fear, sadness, happiness, anger, disgust and surprise).”
The brain basis of emotion: A meta-analytic review (2012, unknown): “Associating a basic emotion to a specific brain system was consistent with basic emotion models (see Ekman 1999, p. 50).”
Human Emotions: An Evolutionary Psychological Perspective (2016, background): “Fear, anger, and disgust, for example, evolved to solve survival problems and are widely regarded as “basic” (Ekman, 1992, 1999; Ekman & Cordaro, 2011; Lazarus, 1991; Plutchik, 1980).”
Using psychophysiological techniques to measure user experience with entertainment technologies (2006, background): “There are varying opinions on whether emotions can be classified into discrete, specific emotions (Ekman 1999), or whether emotions exist along multiple axes in space (Russell et al. 1989, Lang 1995).”
Moderators of the Emotion Inhibition-Health Relationship: A Review and Research Agenda (2002, background): “…is an adaptation that has evolved over time to deal with the recurrent adaptive challenges or opportunities variously termed fundamental life tasks (Ekman, 1992, 1994, 1999), universal human predicaments (Johnson-Laird & Oatley, 1992), core relational themes (Lazarus, 1991; C. A. Smith & Lazarus,…”
Describing the emotional states that are expressed in speech (2003, background): “The third describes specific techniques arising out of these approaches.”
Development of Emotional Intelligence: Towards a Multi-Level Investment Model (2003, background): “Emotions have been theorized as evolving over the history of our species to their present state due to their adaptive value, in promoting adaptive behaviors and affording a fast, nonverbal channel of communication [Darwin, 1872/1998; Ekman, 1999].”
The Power of Goal-Directed Processes in the Causation of Emotional and Other Actions (2017, background): “The evidence reviewed by habit researchers (e.g., Wood & Neal, 2007) and emotion researchers (Berkowitz, 1993; Matsumoto & Ekman, 2009) draws the image that stimulus-driven processes explain a substantial part of behavior.”
Appraisal Theories of Emotion: State of the Art and Future Development (2013, background): “Many emotion theorists casually mention the term appraisal and some even describe it as a component (e.g., Ekman, 1994; Matsumoto & Ekman, 2009; Russell, 2003).”
Autonomic nervous system activity in emotion: a review. (2010, unknown): “…in emotion (e.g., Feldman-Barrett, 2006) may thus e accounted for by conceptualizing “modal emotions” (Scherer, 994, 2001) or “emotion families” (Ekman, 1997, 1999) as umbrella erms, under which different subtypes of that emotion exist, related o small but important differences in appraisal…”
When less is more (2004, background): “High emotional arousal states prompt actions that, along our evolutionary history, have resulted in better outcomes than any other solutions in recurring circumstances that are relevant to our survival (Ekman, 1999).”
Distinctions between emotion and mood (2005, unknown): “Similarly, if emotions have specific causes but moods do not, as proposed by Ekman (1999), an effective emotion-regulation strategy may be to identify and re-appraise the cause; while an effective mood regulation strategy may be to moderate the resultant feelings by, for example, listening to music…”