Emergence of Enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in the community.

By J. Pitout, P. Nordmann, Kevin B. Laupland, L. Poirel. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 2005

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Clinical and Economic Impact of Common Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli (2007, background): “Also, the recently described dissemination of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in the community poses a new threat, since this may become a powerful reservoir for the continued influx of resistant strains into hospitals (3, 60).”
Epidemiology of β-Lactamase-Producing Pathogens (2020, background): “expanded into nursing homes and community settings as well (55, 166).”
Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli (2018, background): “coli isolates of human and animal origin around the world (31, 32).”
Antibiotic Pollution in the Environment: From Microbial Ecology to Public Policy (2019, background): “, [64]) as well as situated in hospital water and air flow systems [65–67].”
The CTX-M β-lactamase pandemic (2006, background): “Alternatives in the community are more limited, particularly if oral antibiotics are used [7 ], and includes b-lactams/b-lactamase inhibitor combinations with oral formulations and quinolones and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole if isolates are not resistant.”
Intercontinental emergence of Escherichia coli clone O25:H4-ST131 producing CTX-M-15. (2007, background): “However, since 2000, ESBLs increasingly have also appeared in the community.(2) This phenomenon coincided with the emergence of a new group of plasmid-mediated ESBLs, namely the CTX-M enzymes, which seem to be taking over as the main ESBL type in some locales.”