Coronaviruses — drug discovery and therapeutic options

By Alimuddin Zumla, J. Chan, E. Azhar, D. Hui, Kwok-Yung Yuen. Nature reviews. Drug discovery, 2016

1,557 citations recorded by the source corpus.

In humans, infections with the human coronavirus (HCoV) strains HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1 usually result in mild, self-limiting upper respiratory tract infections, such as the common cold. By contrast, the CoVs responsible for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), which were discovered in Hong Kong, China, in 2003, and in Saudi Arabia in 2012, respectively, have received global attention over the past 12 years owing to their ability to cause community and health-care-associated outbreaks of severe infections in human populations. These two viruses pose major challenges to clinical management because there are no specific antiviral drugs available. In this Review, we summarize the epidemiology, virology, clinical features and current treatment strategies of SARS and MERS, and discuss the discovery and development of new virus-based and host-based therapeutic options for CoV infections.

Subfields: Computational Theory and Mathematics, Infectious Diseases

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/2bc3b620dfb1e669f5c024b9b3f789d8ce81cb25

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In Infectious Diseases

Citations in the corpus

Top Concerns of Tweeters During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Infoveillance Study (2020, background): “The family of coronaviruses was not considered to be highly pathogenic until 2003 and 2012 with the appearance of the severe acute respiratory syndrome in China followed by the Middle East respiratory syndrome in Saudi Arabia [2,3].”
COVID-19: Transmission, prevention, and potential therapeutic opportunities (2020, neutral): “Moreover, the protein-coding genes of SARS-CoV-2 have 79.5% and 51% sequence similarity to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, respectively.”
Coronavirus disease 2019: What we know? (2020, background): “Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a group of highly diverse, enveloped, positive‐sense, and single‐stranded RNA viruses.(5) They cause several diseases involving respiratory, enteric, hepatic, and neurological systems with vary severity among humans and animals.”
COVID-19: what has been learned and to be learned about the novel coronavirus disease (2020, background): “Effective vaccines are essential for interrupting the chain of transmission from animal reservoirs and infected humans to susceptible hosts and are often complementary to antiviral treatment in the control of epidemics caused by emerging viruses. Efforts have been made to develop S protein-based vac”
Current Status of Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Therapeutics, and Vaccines for Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) (2020, background): “The efficacy and safety of the drug are uncertain [43, 44].”
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Coronavirus Infections in Children Including COVID-19 (2020, background): “164 Monoclonal antibodies (from convalescent human plasma, animal plasma or manufactured) against the spike glycoprotein S have been shown to inhibit fusion of CoVs with human cells and to decrease mortality rate in SARS-CoV-infected patients.”