A review of Listeria monocytogenes: An update on outbreaks, virulence, dose-response, ecology, and risk assessments
By R. Buchanan, L. Gorris, Melinda M. Hayman, Timothy Jackson, R. C. Whiting. 2017
732 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Improved control measures starting in the 1990s have greatly reduced the prevalence of L. monocytogenes in many food categories, particularly in meats and meat products. However, the rate of listeriosis has remained constant during the last decade and the more severe, systemic (invasive) form of listeriosis is now recognized as occurring more frequently in small outbreaks than previously recognized. This review addresses the recent advances in epidemiology and virulence, in growth and modelling, and insights from the risk assessments. Recognition of recent outbreaks from food vehicles not traditionally associated with L. monocytogenes (celery, cantaloupe, mung bean sprouts, stone fruits, caramel apples and ice cream) was facilitated by PFGE and, increasingly, whole genome sequencing. The Key Events framework, an understanding of the key individual biochemical steps from ingestion to infection, provides a structure for relating new knowledge on strain variability, mutations, and host susceptibility to the probability of illness. Guidance for determination of the growth/no growth potential of a food has been issued by several regulatory authorities and the risk assessments indicate that prevention of growth remains a principle control element. The recognition of biofilm formation and the possible existence of dormant, non-dividing persister cells will require additional attention. The recent outbreaks underscored the individual characteristics of specific foods (melons vs all fruit; microenvironments in the caramel apples) and raised questions about the current understanding of infectivity of lower doses and the susceptibility of specific individuals. Advances have been made in these areas, but further research is clearly necessary to control this pathogen.
Subfields: Biotechnology, Food Science
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/2ac73fb681c5c4b6cbae57bb9c13ce20cf24346e
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Citations in the corpus
- The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food‐borne outbreaks in 2017 (2018, background): “Fruits and vegetables have been proven to be the cause of listeriosis cases at EU and international level (Buchanan et al., 2018; EFSA and ECDC, 2018b) and therefore MS are encouraged to sample these food categories.”
- Foodborne pathogens (2017, background): “It can cause meningitis (inflammation of the membrane surrounding spinal cord and brain), gastroenteritis (inflammation of mucous membranes of stomach and intestine), and septicemia (systemic spread of bacteria and toxins in the blood) can result from infection [63].”
- The European Union One Health 2018 Zoonoses Report (2019, background): “Fruits and vegetables have been proven to be the cause of listeriosis cases at the EU (EFSA and ECDC, 2018b) and international (Buchanan et al., 2017) level; therefore, MS are encouraged to sample these food categories as also recommended by EFSA (EFSA, 2018).”
- The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food‐borne outbreaks in 2016 (2017, background): “…diabetes) and short-term (immunosuppressive therapies or medications such as administration of antacids/proton pump inhibitors) host susceptibility or even the treatment choices can determine the outcome of the infection (Evans and Redmond, 2016; Buchanan et al., 2017; Charlier et al., 2017a,b).”