Antigen-Specific Adaptive Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in Acute COVID-19 and Associations with Age and Disease Severity
By C. Moderbacher, S. Ramirez, J. Dan, Alba Grifoni, K. Hastie, D. Weiskopf, S. Bélanger, Robert K. Abbott, Christina Kim, Jinyong Choi and 14 more. Cell, 2020
1,662 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Limited knowledge is available on the relationship between antigen-specific immune responses and COVID-19 disease severity. We completed a combined examination of all three branches of adaptive immunity at the level of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell and neutralizing antibody responses in acute and convalescent subjects. SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were each associated with milder disease. Coordinated SARS-CoV-2-specific adaptive immune responses were associated with milder disease, suggesting roles for both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in protective immunity in COVID-19. Notably, coordination of SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific responses was disrupted in individuals ≥ 65 years old. Scarcity of naive T cells was also associated with aging and poor disease outcomes. A parsimonious explanation is that coordinated CD4+ T cell, CD8+ T cell, and antibody responses are protective, but uncoordinated responses frequently fail to control disease, with a connection between aging and impaired adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2.
Subfields: Infectious Diseases, Neurology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/2a6f01bb1838df94066733ba64aeed1e945b0d3b
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Citations in the corpus
- SARS-CoV-2 vaccination induces immunological T cell memory able to cross-recognize variants from Alpha to Omicron (2022, neutral): “SARS-CoV-2 serology and PSV neutralization assay SARS-CoV-2 serology was performed for all plasma samples collected as previously described(Rydyznski Moderbacher et al., 2020).”
- Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for up to 8 months after infection (2021, methodology): “Neutralizing antibodies have generally not correlated with lessenedCOVID-19disease severity (5, 19,20), which was also observed for Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome (MERS), causedbyMERSCoV (21).”
- Adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 (2021, neutral): “Notably, frequencies of RBD (and Spike) memory B cells increased over time, with more RBDmemory B cells at 6 months PSO than at 1 month PSO (Dan et al., 2021; Gaebler et al., 2020), consistent with observations at 3 months PSO (Rodda et al., 2021).”