Climatological characteristics of the tropical tropopause as revealed by radiosondes

By D. Seidel, R. J. Ross, J. Angell, G. Reid. 2001

343 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Atmospheric Science, Global and Planetary Change

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/2a46cf520a5f82fca8f1120cba7bbeced568f116

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Citations in the corpus

A Multifaceted Climatology of Atmospheric Blocking and Its Recent Linear Trend (2007, background): “Hence, blocking as phenomenon is of intrinsic dynamical interest and its prediction relevant both to medium-range weather forecasting and to short-term climate prediction (e.g., Pavan et al. 2000; Shabbar et al. 2001: Trigo et al. 2004; Scherrer et al. 2006).”
Decreases in stratospheric water vapor after 2001: Links to changes in the tropical tropopause and the Brewer‐Dobson circulation (2006, background): “…(decadal) changes in tropical tropopause temperatures requires special attention, because changes (improvements) in radiosonde instrumentation or radiation corrections over time can result in spurious cooling trends [Seidel et al., 2001; Lanzante et al., 2003a, 2003b; Randel and Wu, 2006].”
Recent widening of the tropical belt: Evidence from tropopause observations (2007, background): “tropics [Randel et al., 2000; Seidel et al., 2001; Zhou et al., 2001] and globally [Hoinka, 1998; Santer et al.”
Observational characteristics of double tropopauses (2007, background): “The mean altitude of LRT2 is near 16 km, with a relatively weak seasonal variation (higher during SH summer) that is similar to the tropical tropopause [Seidel et al., 2001].”
Tropical troposphere‐to‐stratosphere transport inferred from trajectory calculations (2004, background): “[4] Another complication is that cooling of the tropical tropopause of about 0.5 K/decade has been reported by Seidel et al. [2001] and Zhou et al. [2001] from radiosonde measurements.”
Trends in the temperature and water vapor content of the tropical lower stratosphere: Sea surface connection (2008, background): “[20] The standard World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) definition of the tropopause, i.e., the lowest point at which the lapse rate drops below 2 Ck m 1 and remains there for at least 2 km, can be applied in the tropics as well as in midlatitudes, but tropical radiosonde profiles often reveal the”
Variability and trends in the global tropopause estimated from radiosonde data (2006, background): “To date, no studies have reported global tropopause trends based on the primary upper air data source entering the reanalyses–radiosonde data, although several investigators have done so for limited regions [Nagurny, 1998; Highwood et al., 2000; Randel et al., 2000; Chakrabarty et al., 2000; Seidel ”
Toward Elimination of the Warm Bias in Historic Radiosonde Temperature Records—Some New Results from a Comprehensive Intercomparison of Upper-Air Data (2008, background): “Most importantly, however, it reduces the risk of introducing a cooling bias when constructing a reference for tropical stations near the tropopause level (approximately 100 hPa; Seidel et al. 2001).”
Distribution and influence of convection in the tropical tropopause region (2002, methodology): “The absolute value and spatial and seasonal variation of the NCEP CPT temperature are similar to the CPT observed with radiosondes [Seidel et al., 2001].”
Kelvin wave variability near the equatorial tropopause observed in GPS radio occultation measurements (2005, background): “The 17 km level is near the tropical cold point tropopause, and Figure 4a shows the known climatological structure of cold temperatures over longitudes � 90– 180� E associated with maximum convection over Indonesia [e.g., Highwood and Hoskins, 1998; Seidel et al., 2001; Randel et al., 2003].”
A Climatology of the Tropical Tropopause Layer (2002, methodology): “Note that the climatological CPT derived from ECMWF analyses is about 200 m higher than observed by radiosondes (Seidel et al. 2001).”
Behavior of tropopause height and atmospheric temperature in models, reanalyses, and observations: Decadal changes (2003, methodology): “[ 26 ] We use the thermal definition of the tropopause here, also referred to as the lapse rate tropopause (LRT) [ Hoinka , 1998; Seidel et al. , 2001].”
Stratospheric water vapor trends over Boulder, Colorado: Analysis of the 30 year Boulder record (2011, background): “Attempts to connect the 1980–2000 stratospheric water vapor increase over Boulder to changes in tropical tropopause temperatures have been largely unsuccessful [e.g., Simmons et al., 1999; Randel et al., 2000; Zhou et al., 2001; Seidel et al., 2001; Randel et al., 2004; Fueglistaler and Haynes, 20”
Horizontal transport and the dehydration of the stratosphere (2001, methodology): “The altitude of the tropical tropopause has a relatively small longitudinal variation [Seidel et al., 2001].”
Thermal variability of the tropical tropopause region derived from GPS/MET observations (2003, background): “The spatial patterns for these individual seasons are consistent with previous radiosonde-based climatologies [e.g., Highwood and Hoskins, 1998; Seidel et al., 2001] and with meteorological analyses [e.g., Hoinka, 1999; Randel et al., 2000].”
Stratospheric water vapor predicted from the Lagrangian temperature history of air entering the stratosphere in the tropics (2005, background): “…cold point, which shows a maximum during boreal summer that overcompensates the effect on potential temperature of the generally higher temperatures during this season (the potential temperature of a fixed pressure level below the tropopause shows an inverse behavior [e.g., Seidel et al., 2001]).”
WATER VAPOR AND THE DYNAMICS OF CLIMATE CHANGES (2009, background): “Roughly consistent with these arguments, the tropical tropopause height in recent decades has increased by tens of meters [Seidel et al., 2001], and in simulations of climate change scenarios, it also increases with tropical surface temperature at a rate of ∼10–100 m K−1 [Santer et al., 2003a, b;…”
Control of interannual and longer‐term variability of stratospheric water vapor (2005, background): “ERA-40 temperatures in the tropics at 100 hPa (or cold-point tropopause temperatures from radiosondes [Seidel et al., 2001; Zhou et al., 2001]) do not show a positive trend of the required order (2 – 4 K over 4 decades) to account for the postulated water vapor trend, neither do exploratory…”