Intestinal barrier function: molecular regulation and disease pathogenesis.

By Katherine R. Groschwitz, S. Hogan. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2009

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The intestinal barrier: a fundamental role in health and disease (2017, background): “Both TJs and AJs are linked to the peri-junctional ring of actin and myosin which permits regulation of the junctions via the cytoskeleton [1,13].”
Intestinal Permeability in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Pathogenesis, Clinical Evaluation, and Therapy of Leaky Gut (2015, background): “The mechanical cohesion of these cells and the regulation of paracellular permeability of ions and smallmolecules are ensured by three types of junctional complexes, namely, tight junctions (TJs), adherence junctions, and desmosomes [24, 26, 27].”
Intestinal permeability – a new target for disease prevention and therapy (2014, background): “Other structures such as blood vessels, smooth muscle cell layers and components of the enteric nervous system (ENS) contribute to the intestinal barrier by regulating the mucosa and by their capacity to initiate specific defense programs in case of danger [5,6,18].”
Breaking down the barriers: the gut microbiome, intestinal permeability and stress-related psychiatric disorders (2015, background): “Disruptions in this process, as exemplified by the underdeveloped intestinal barrier of the premature infant, can predispose to immune disorders (Groschwitz and Hogan, 2009).”