The shock-acoustic waves generated by earthquakes

By Afraimovich E L, Perevalova N P, Plotnikov A V, Uralov A M. 2000

205 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Abstract. We investigate the form and dynamics of shock-acoustic waves generated by earthquakes. We use the method for detecting and locating the sources of ionospheric impulsive disturbances, based on using data from a global network of receivers of the GPS navigation system, and require no a priori information about the place and time of the associated effects. The practical implementation of the method is illustrated by a case study of earthquake effects in Turkey (17 August and 12 November 1999), in Southern Sumatra (4 June 2000), and off the coast of Central America (13 January 2001). It was found that in all instances the time period of the ionospheric response is 180–390 s, and the amplitude exceeds, by a factor of two as a minimum, the standard deviation of background fluctuations in total electron content in this range of periods under quiet and moderate geomagnetic conditions. The elevation of the wave vector varies through a range of 20–44°, and the phase velocity (1100–1300 m/s) approaches the sound velocity at the heights of the ionospheric F-region maximum. The calculated (by neglecting refraction corrections) location of the source roughly corresponds to the earthquake epicenter. Our data are consistent with the present views that shock-acoustic waves are caused by a piston-like movement of the Earth’s surface in the zone of an earthquake epicenter. Key words. Ionosphere (ionospheric disturbances; wave propagation) – Radio science (ionospheric propagation)

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Geophysics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/243620d460aeb7e82328949ad62e43a264762176

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Citations in the corpus

An improved coupling model for the lithosphere‐atmosphere‐ionosphere system (2014, background): “…al., 2010; Heki, 2011], the change of ionic composition and temperature of plasma in the ionosphere [He et al., 2010; Oyama et al., 2011; Ho et al., 2013], and oscillation of the height profile of the ionospheric F region [Afraimovich et al., 1999; Astafyeva and Heki, 2009; Cahyadi and Heki, 2013].”
From Sumatra 2004 to Tohoku‐Oki 2011: The systematic GPS detection of the ionospheric signature induced by tsunamigenic earthquakes (2013, background): “Several papers measure it in the ionosphere [Afraimovich et al., 2001; Astafyeva and Heki, 2009; Astafyeva et al., 2009; Rolland et al., 2011b; Astafyeva et al., 2011], but no forward modeling is today able to clearly reproduce it.”
A review of GPS/GLONASS studies of the ionospheric response to natural and anthropogenic processes and phenomena (2013, methodology): “Measurements of parameters of the ionospheric response to SFs were presented in (Donnelly 1971; Mendillo et al. 1974; Mitra 1974; Liu 1996; Thomson et al. 2005; Afraimovich et al. 2001b; Qian 2011).”
Detection and modeling of Rayleigh wave induced patterns in the ionosphere (2011, background): “In other words, transionospheric techniques sound efficiently electron perturbations generated by atmospheric waves whose propagation vector k is perpendicular to the observation vector s, that is the direction vector of the line of sight [Afraimovich et al., 2001].”
Ionospheric remote sensing of the Denali Earthquake Rayleigh surface waves (2003, methodology): “…Doppler sounders [Farges et al., 2002] which can detect vertical ionospheric velocities of a few m/s. Rayleigh waves have been also observed by GPS techniques, which measure the variations in the Total Electronic Content (TEC) of the ionosphere [Calais and Minster, 1995; Afraimovich et al., 2001].”
Directivity and apparent velocity of the coseismic ionospheric disturbances observed with a dense GPS array (2005, methodology): “Basic procedures in ionospheric studies with GPS are described in detail in past articles [10, 11].”
Ionospheric GPS total electron content (TEC) disturbances triggered by the 26 December 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami (2006, background): “…numerous ground-based receivers of the global positioning system (GPS) have observed ionospheric disturbances of the total electron content (TEC) triggered by seismic surface waves [Calais and Minster, 1995; Afraimovich et al., 2001; Ducic et al., 2003] and by tsunami waves [Artru et al., 2005].”
Giant ionospheric disturbances excited by the M9.3 Sumatra earthquake of 26 December 2004 (2006, background): “…that transient disturbances can occur in the ionosphere as a result of big earthquakes [Bolt, 1964; Leonard and Barnes, 1965; Davies and Baker, 1965; Row, 1966, 1967; Yuen et al., 1969; Tanaka et al., 1984; Calais and Minster, 1995; Afraimovich et al., 2001, 2002a, 2002b; Artru et al., 2001, 2004].”