Time domain reflectometry measurement principles and applications

By S. Jones, J. Wraith, Dani Or. 2002

386 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Time domain reflectometry (TDR) is a highly accurate and automatable method for determination of porous media water content and electrical conductivity. Water content is inferred from the dielectric permittivity of the medium, whereas electrical conductivity is inferred from TDR signal attenuation. Empirical and dielectric mixing models are used to relate water content to measured dielectric permittivity. Clay and organic matter bind substantial amounts of water, such that measured bulk dielectric constant is reduced and the relationship with total water content requires individual calibration. A variety of TDR probe configurations provide users with site‐ and media‐specific options. Advances in TDR technology and in other dielectric methods offer the promise not only for less expensive and more accurate tools for electrical determination of water and solute contents, but also a host of other properties such as specific surface area, and retention properties of porous media. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Subfields: Environmental Engineering, Geophysics, Ocean Engineering

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/22f6e200aab6cd99b564d7cf6be69892462c7791

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In Environmental Engineering

1. C. Steelman
2. Anthony L. Endres
3. Dani Or
4. Andre Peters
5. André Revil
6. N. Lu
7. J. Nimmo

In Geophysics

1. C. Steelman
2. Anthony L. Endres
3. Dani Or
4. Andre Peters
5. André Revil
6. J. Nimmo

In Ocean Engineering

1. C. Steelman
2. Anthony L. Endres
3. Dani Or
4. André Revil

Citations in the corpus

• Effects of Maxwell‐Wagner polarization on soil complex dielectric permittivity under variable temperature and electrical conductivity (2006, background): “The output signal or measured waveform contains information on travel time along the TDR probe as well as other influences such as attenuation due to charge migration (proportional to bulk electrical conductivity) [Topp and Reynolds, 1998; Jones et al., 2002].”
• Comparison of Petrophysical Relationships for Soil Moisture Estimation using GPR Ground Waves (2011, background): “Time domain refl ectometry is based on the two-way travel time of a high-frequency electromagnetic pulse that propagates along the probes (Jones et al., 2002; Robinson et al., 2003), while a capacitive sensor is based on the charge time and output voltage of a capacitance probe for an applied…”
• Frequency dependence of the complex permittivity and its impact on dielectric sensor calibration in soils (2005, neutral): “[3] simplifies to: coarse grained mineral soils: εa (c/v)2 (ct/L)2 ε r [4] 5.3 10 2 2.92 10 2εa 5.5 which is commonly used in soil science applications (e.g., No- 10 4ε2a 4.3 10 6ε3a [11] borio, 2001; Jones et al., 2002).”
• ESTIMATION OF LEAF MOISTURE CONTENT BY MEASURING THE CAPACITANCE (2010, neutral): “The dielectric constant of water (80 at room temperature) is considerably greater than that of air (1) or soil solids (2–5) (Jones et al., 2002).”
• Measurement of soil water content with a 50-MHz soil dielectric sensor (2004, background): “We found et al., 1992; Jones et al., 2002) has shown that Ka can that, in fluids, the sensors were accurate (εr within 0.5), precise (coeffi- be related to with reasonable accuracy for a wide cient of variation [CV] 1%), and that inter-sensor variability was variety of soils using a single…”