The Levenberg-Marquardt Algorithm

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Utilizing artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms to build an algo-trading model for intra-day foreign exchange speculation (2013, background): “In the Gauss–Newtonmethod, the sum of the squared errors is reduced by assuming the least squares function is locally quadratic, and finding theminimum of the quadratic [28].”
State of the Art on Monocular 3D Face Reconstruction, Tracking, and Applications (2018, methodology): “The Levenberg-Marquardt method [Mar63, Lev44, Mor78] is a mixture between Gauss-Newton and Preconditioned Gradient-Descent .”
Lifespan brain age prediction based on multiple EEG oscillatory features and sparse group lasso (2025, unknown): “Backpropagation calculates the error between the output and the target using the Levenberg Marquardt (LM) algorithm (Ranganathan, 2004) to adjust the network weights to minimize the error.”