In vitro and in vivo characteristics of PCL scaffolds with pore size gradient fabricated by a centrifugation method.

By S. Oh, I. Park, Jin Man Kim, J. H. Lee. Biomaterials, 2007

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Vascularized Bone Tissue Engineering: Approaches for Potential Improvement (2012, methodology): “However, 4 weeks after implantation in rabbits, the scaffold region with 290–310 mm pore size exhibited faster bone formation.(126) To date, various methods have been applied to create gradient scaffolds for bone substitution.”
Three-Dimensional Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications: Role of Porosity and Pore Size (2013, unknown): “130 These scaffolds with pore size gradient were formed by adding ﬁbril-like PCL into a cylindrical mold that was subjected to centrifugation and subsequently heat-treated to enable ﬁbril bonding.”
Graded/Gradient Porous Biomaterials (2009, methodology): “For example, 5–15 μm for fibroblast ingrowth, 70–120 μm for chondrocyte ingrowth, 100–400 μm for bone regeneration, depending on the porosity as well as scaffold materials [24].”