Clearance Properties of Nano-sized Particles and Molecules as Imaging Agents: Considerations and Caveats

By M. Longmire, Peter L. Choyke, Hisataka Kobayashi. Nanomedicine, 2008

1,957 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Summary Nanoparticles possess enormous potential as diagnostic imaging agents and hold promise for the development of multimodality agents with both imaging and therapeutic capabilities. Yet, some of the most promising nanoparticles demonstrate prolonged tissue retention and contain heavy metals. This presents serious concerns for toxicity. The creation of nanoparticles with optimal clearance characteristics will minimize toxicity risks by reducing the duration of exposure to these agents. Given that many nanoparticles possess easily modifiable surface and interior chemistry, if nanoparticle characteristics associated with optimal clearance from the body were well established, it would be feasible to design and create agents with more favorable clearance properties. This paper presents a thorough discussion of the physiologic aspects of nanoparticle clearance, focusing on renal mechanisms, as well as provides an overview of current research investigating clearance of specific types of nanoparticles and nano-sized macromolecules, including dendrimers, quantum dots, liposomes and carbon, gold, and silica-based nanoparticles.

Subfields: Biomaterials, Biomedical Engineering, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/17a9164d8af1380a47fb388d8a70765238b1bd6c

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Biomaterials

In Biomedical Engineering

In Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

Citations in the corpus

Design and fabrication of magnetic nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery and imaging (2009, background): “Hydrodynamic size also affects NP clearance from circulation [37,47,48,49,50,51].”
Nanoparticle-liver interactions: Cellular uptake and hepatobiliary elimination. (2016, background): “This data supports the notion that hepatic processing and biliary excretion is usually slow, ranging from hours to months or longer [87,104].”
Ultrasmall monodisperse NaYF4:Yb3+/Tm3+ nanocrystals with enhanced near-infrared to near-infrared upconversion photoluminescence (2010, positive): “Body clearance for nanoparticles with size 10 nm was shown to be more efficient, allowing the use of higher dose of imaging agents.(28) Despite recent progress in preparing upconversion NaYF4 nanocrystals, synthesis of ultrasmall (with size of less than 10 nm) monodisperse nanocrystals with bright N”
The Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) Effect: The Significance of the Concept and Methods to Enhance Its Application (2021, background): “Nanoparticles in the range of 100~200 nm are considered the optimal size for achieving the EPR effect in solid tumors while escaping the filtration traps of the liver and spleen [39].”
Delivering nanomedicine to solid tumors (2010, background): “Clearance from the reticuloendothelial system depends not only on particle size but also on surface modification and can vary significantly among the different types of nanoparticles”