The importance of race and ethnic background in biomedical research and clinical practice.

By E. Burchard, E. Ziv, N. Coyle, S. Gomez, Hua Tang, A. Karter, Joanna L. Mountain, E. Pérez-Stable, D. Sheppard, N. Risch. New England Journal of Medicine, 2003

1,096 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Genetics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/17944844f6fedc9811cf680794e83bc952f5f3a3

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In Genetics

Citations in the corpus

Inequalities in dementia incidence between six racial and ethnic groups over 14 years (2016, background): “For example, the prevalence of the APOE ε4 allele is higher among AfricanAmericans than among whites, but the relative risk of dementia associated with the ε4 allele is smaller among African-Americans compared with whites [14,44–47].”
Introduction: Race, Genetics, and Disease (2008, background): “, 2002; Satel, 2002; Burchard et al., 2003). Using this reasoning, Burchard et al. (2003) argued that to ignore race in genetic studies would be a disservice to underserved populations.”
Moving towards individualized medicine with pharmacogenomics (2004, background): “, there are specific genetic polymorphisms whose frequency varies so extensively between racial groups that this translates into differences in the efficacy or toxicity of some drug”
'Racial' differences in genetic effects for complex diseases (2004, neutral): “others 4,723 (18) 3,701 (10) 660 (3) 127 (2) 235 (3 Ar) 0 15 SLE nephritis FCGR2A (R131H); RR vs.”
Algorithm fairness in artificial intelligence for medicine and healthcare (2023, background): “This has resulted in the overestimation of kidney function and in the underdiagnosis of CKD, thereby reducing patient access to specialist referrals, appropriate medications and transplantation evaluations 18–20 , 37– 43 .”
Genetic structure, self-identified race/ethnicity, and confounding in case-control association studies. (2005, background): “Some have argued for poor correspondence between these two entities (Lewontin 1972; Wilson et al. 2001), whereas others have suggested a strong correlation (Risch et al. 2002; Burchard et al. 2003).”
Epigenetics and the embodiment of race: Developmental origins of US racial disparities in cardiovascular health (2009, background): “…(Allocco et al., 2007; Calafell, 2003; Hinds et al., 2005; Lao et al., 2006; Redon et al., 2006; Rosenberg et al., 2002; Tang et al., 2005), and that disease-causing alleles are likely to be among those variants that segregate between these groups (Burchard et al., 2003; Risch et al., 2002).”