Determination of geometrical and kinematical properties of halo coronal mass ejections using the cone model

By Xianping Zhao, S. Plunkett, Wei David Liu. 2002

201 citations recorded by the source corpus.

[1] Many broadside coronal mass ejections (CMEs) propagate almost radially beyond the first couple of solar radii, and their angular widths remain nearly constant while propagating through the corona. Assuming that these characteristics hold true for halo CMEs that originate far from solar limbs, some useful geometric and kinematic properties of halo CMEs may be reproduced using a simple geometrical model of a CME as a cone. The cone model uses three free parameters, characterizing the angular width and the central position of the halo CME. These geometric properties can be determined by matching the observed halos at a series of times with the modeled halos for a series of radial distances. The kinematic properties, the radial velocity and acceleration, of the halo CME can also be determined on the basis of the series of times and radial distances. These properties are important for predicting the geoeffectiveness of a halo CME and cannot be observed directly with currently available instrumentation. As a test, the geometric and kinematic properties of the 12 May 1997 halo CME have been inferred using the cone model. This shows that the cone model does provide a new way of testing our understanding of halo CMEs, though there are limitations for some halo CMEs.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Oceanography

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/14334e3dc8381cdf73e491cd064852cd762d0ba8

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In Astronomy and Astrophysics

1. A. Vourlidas
2. J. Davies
3. M. Temmer
4. Jan Luhmann
5. R. Howard
6. Pete Riley
7. A. Thernisien
8. N. Lugaz

In Oceanography

1. Pete Riley
2. M. L. Mays
3. A. Pulkkinen
4. A. Vourlidas
5. D. Odstrcil
6. Xuepu Zhao

Citations in the corpus

• How Many CMEs Have Flux Ropes? Deciphering the Signatures of Shocks, Flux Ropes, and Prominences in Coronagraph Observations of CMEs (2012, background): “…the outer envelope of the halo with the FR and proceed to fit it with a circular SOLA: ms_sub.tex; 2 May 2014; 8:33; p. 9 or elliptical cone models to extract kinematic parameters (Howard et al., 1982; Zhao, Plunkett, and Liu, 2002; Xie, Ofman, and Lawrence, 2004; Xue, Wang, and Dou, 2005).”
• Numerical simulation of the 12 May 1997 interplanetary CME event (2004, methodology): “[9] The cone model has been applied to reproduce the expanding halo CME observed by LASCO/C3 coronagraph on 12 May 1997 [Zhao et al., 2002].”
• GEOMETRIC TRIANGULATION OF IMAGING OBSERVATIONS TO TRACK CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS CONTINUOUSLY OUT TO 1 AU (2010, background): “Various attempts have also been made to predict CME arrival times at the Earth with an accuracy ranging from 2 - 11 hours (e.g., Zhao et al. 2002; Michalek et al. 2004; Howard et al. 2006).”
• On the three-dimensional configuration of coronal mass ejections (2004, background): “…bubbles, arcades comprised of Article published by EDP Sciences and available at http://www.aanda.org or http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20035776 loops, or curved flux tubes (e.g. Crifo et al. 1983; Schwenn 1986; MacQueen 1993; Vourlidas et al. 2000; Plunkett et al. 2000; Zhao et al. 2002).”
• Ensemble Modeling of CMEs Using the WSA–ENLIL+Cone Model (2015, methodology): “rge and Pizzo, 2000; Arge et al., 2004). A common method to estimate the 3D CME kinematic and geometric parameters is to assume that the geometrical CME properties are approximated by the Cone model (Zhao, Plunkett, and Liu, 2002; Xie, Ofman, and Lawrence, 2004) which assumes isotropic expansion, ra”