Effects of continuous positive airway pressure on cardiovascular outcomes in heart failure patients with and without Cheyne-Stokes respiration.

By D. D. Sin, A. Logan, F. Fitzgerald, Peter P. Liu, T. Bradley. Circulation, 2000

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Continuous positive airway pressure for central sleep apnea and heart failure. (2005, background): “In a small trial involving only 29 patients, those receiving CPAP had a trend toward fewer deaths and heart transplantations.(1) Notably, that single trial was conducted before the widespread use of b-blockers to treat heart failure.”
Rules for Scoring Respiratory Events in Sleep: Update of the 2007 AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events (2012, positive): “91,92,104 The 2007 scoring manual definition of CSB requires a minimum of 3 consecutive cycles for a run of central apneas or hypopneas to be considered CSB ( Figure 8 ).”
Obstructive sleep apnea: implications for cardiac and vascular disease. (2003, background): “In small groups of patients with heart failure and OSA, there was modest improvement in both ejection fraction and functional class after treatment with CPAP.113,131,132 Withdrawal of treatment in some of these patients resulted in a deterioration in both of thesemeasurements.”